Unconventional ferroelectric behavior in nanosegregating liquid crystals with de Vries-like behavior
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two nanosegregating siloxane-terminated mesogens with chiral (S,S)-2,3-epoxyoctyloxy side chains (E6, E11 )have been synthesized. These compounds form chiral SmA∗ and SmC∗ phases and show an untypical behavior of the spontaneous polarization which increases with decreasing temperature in a convex manner while the tilt angle saturates. We compare these results with results obtained for two similar mesogens with chiral (R,R)-2,3-difluorooctyloxy side chains (F6, F11), which both show a typical concave curvature with decreasing temperature. A theoretical explanation is given for the unexpected temperature dependency of the spontaneous polarization. The materials also exhibited first-order SmC∗-SmA∗ phase transitions and hence, very high values of the tilt angle. All substances show increased de Vries character in the range of 50%, which is substantially higher than 20% for the nonsiloxane analogs. Furthermore, for the latter materials, second-order phase transitions are common, while the siloxane materials exhibit first-order SmA∗-SmC∗ phase transitions. These results clearly suggest that the achievement of nanosegregation is a powerful tool to induce de Vries behavior and to promote first-order SmA∗-SmC∗ phase transitions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".