Access Copyright & Technology: Legal and Policy Issues in Education
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Access Copyright is a collective organization representing thecopyright interests of publishers and creators. The collective offerscopyright licences that allow certain limited uses of works in thecollective's repertoire. The use of collective licences as part ofcopyright management policy was common in post-secondary educationadministration until 2010, when many universities opted out of acontractual relationship with Access Copyright.The growing movement towards online open access publishing andCreative Commons public licensing has made information more widelyavailable without requiring payment and with fewer restrictions onuse. The addition of education to the list of fair dealing purposes inthe Copyright Act, along with the inclusion of provisions allowing fornon-commercial user-generated content and use of materials availableon the Internet, means that educational institutions can moreconfidently rely on the user rights afforded by the law. The 2012Supreme Court decision in Alberta (Education) v Access Copyrightconfirms that exceptions to copyright infringement in the legislationshould be interpreted broadly.I will discuss the innovations in information technology, legislativechanges, and court decisions that have led some to question theutility and economy of collective licences.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.011 | 0.032 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.016 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.031 | 0.019 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.020 | 0.011 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.045 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".