"Bee city": Using citizen science to monitor pollinator abundance in cultivated and uncultivated green spaces in Kamloops, B.C.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pollinators provide critical ecosystem services, and are facing worldwide declines, caused in part by habitat loss due to urbanization. With the collaboration of the Thompson-Shuswap Master Gardeners Association’s pollinator monitoring citizen science project, this project surveyed pollinators in both cultivated and uncultivated green spaces within Kamloops, BC. Pollinators were identified into functional groups or guilds based morphological characteristics that could be \ndistinguished in the field by citizen scientists. The purpose of this project was threefold: (1) to characterize the consistency of citizen science surveys of pollinators over the course of a growing season, (2) to compare the floral resources for pollinators in cultivated and uncultivated green spaces within the city of Kamloops, and (3) to compare the abundance of pollinator guilds observed in cultivated and uncultivated green spaces over the growing season and determine if \nobserved differences were correlated with observed differences in floral resources. The results indicated that citizen science was effective in monitoring bee abundance and diversity in Kamloops. There were drastic differences in flowering plant genera between cultivated and uncultivated green spaces, and significantly higher abundances of flowering plants in cultivated green spaces than uncultivated green spaces. This project also demonstrated that cultivated green spaces within Kamloops supported a greater numerical abundance of pollinators, especially during the month of August, than uncultivated natural areas within the city. This suggests that cultivated green spaces may have served as a refuge from seasonal drought for some native bees. All bee groups and flies were positively associated with bee flower abundance, and specific flowering plant genera were associated with high pollinator abundance. Because of this, it is important to advocate for the planting of native and exotic plants in cultivated green spaces, such as home gardens and city parks, and to support the restoration of native plant communities in uncultivated green spaces. Given the increasing urbanization faced by many landscapes, the results of my research provide preliminary evidence identifying that while not necessarily supporting all native pollinators, appropriately planted urban landscapes may play an important role mitigating urbanization’s negative impact.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".