Exploring the factors influencing access to and utilization of sexual health services by South Asian men in Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: South Asian communities comprise one of the fastest-growing populations in Canada. However, the sexual health of South Asian immigrant men, in particular, remains vastly understudied in high-income economy countries, and little is known about how and if men access these services. Objectives: This study aimed to explore contextual factors (e.g. cultural, psychological, social) influencing the accessibility (actual and/or perceived) and utilization of sexual health services by South Asian men in Canada. Methods: An interpretive description (ID) research methodology was used to concurrently collect and analyze data in Ontario. The overall analysis followed Braun and Clarke's guidelines for thematic analysis. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted between May – July 2021 with South Asian-born immigrant men between the age range of 20-45 years Results: We found sexual health is perceived negatively by some South Asian men and limited sexual health information was said to exist within the community. Furthermore, the perceived severity of sexual illness also influenced sexual health service access. Participants also mentioned sexual health as taboo, the social nature of sex positivity and sex-negativity and that men share sexual health information with only trusted sources (e.g. friends and family). Our participants also mentioned that sexual health information was shared more openly by following a lifestyle that normalizes sexual health discussions rather than South Asian cultural norms. Findings further suggest South Asian mens’ culture influences their perceptions of sexual health and overall access to care which they often think to be an optional service. For example, gender stereotypes about men within the South Asian cultures can influence sexual health-seeking behaviours among men. Conclusion: This study provides insight into the contextual factors shaping the access and utilization by these men – these data may be used to inform efforts to increase service utilization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".