Farklı göç politikaları bağlamında ev hizmetlerinde çalışan kadınlar: Kanada ve Türkiye örneği
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, uluslararası emek göçü bağlamında ev işlerinde çalışan kadınlara yönelik Türkiye ve Kanada’nın farklı göç politikaları analiz edilmiştir. Göç deneyimi bakımından oldukça uzun bir geçmişe sahip olan Kanada’nın, ev işlerinde çalışan göçmen kadınlara yönelik özel bir göç programı bulunmaktadır. Mevcut programlar arasında en iyi örneklerden biri sayılan bu programa rağmen, ev işçisi kadınlar sömürüye açık ve kötü çalışma koşullarına sahiptir. Öte yandan, Türkiye’de ev işçisi göçmen kadınlar izinsiz göçün bir parçasıdır. Son yıllarda Türkiye’de de bu alanda yeni düzenlemeler yapılmaya başlamıştır. Her iki ülkenin birbirinden farklı göç politikaları olmasına rağmen, ev işçisi göçmen kadınların birbirine benzer koşullara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, göçmen kadınların iş ve işveren değişmelerine olanak verilmediği dolayısıyla devlet eliyle kölelik benzeri koşullarda çalışmak zorunda bırakıldıkları tespit edilmiştir. \n\nAnahtar Kelimeler: Uluslararası Kadın Göçü, Emek Göçü, Göçmen Ev İşçileri, Göçmen Bakıcılar.\nABSTRACT\n\nThis study analyzes labour migration policies of Canada and Turkey on domestic women workers within the context of global labour movement. Canada as a country with a long history of labour migration has a specific program for domestic workers. Even though this program is accepted as one of the best examples in the world, it has many structural problems that leave the migrant workers vulnerable to exploitative work conditions. On the other hand, migrant domestic workers in Turkey are largely unregulated and considered to be a part of the undocumented migration. However, in recent years the Turkish government has made attempts to bring some regulations in this area. Our comparative study demonstrates that although the migration policies of both countries considerably differ from each other, migrant domestic workers face similar challenges. Most notably, the restrictions put on their mobility and right to change employers reveal a form of indentured labour facilitated by the governments. \n\nKey Words: International migration of women, labour migration, domestic migrant workers, migrant care givers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.040 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".