Illinois Waterfowl Harvest, Hunter Activity, and Attitudes Toward Shooting hours, Lead \n poisoning, and Steel shot in 1981
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The 61,929 purchasers of the 1981 Illinois Waterfowl Hunting Stamp were sampled via mail-letter questionnaire (n = 1,240, 83.4% response) to obtain information on waterfowl harvest, hunter activity, and attitudes toward selected issues.Respondents were 98.6% male and averaged 36.2 years of age; 7.0% were non-residents and 10.5% did not hunt waterfowl in Illinois in 1981.Active hunters spent an average of $462 for the 1981 season, which equates to a total expenditure of $25.6 million for waterfowl hunting in the state annually.During the September teal season, 13,085 hunters spent 34,111 days afield and harvested 26,956 teal.During the regular duck season, 48,395 hunters expended 621,936 days afield to harvest 397,208 ducks; they also took 5,817 coots.40.3% of the duck hunting days occurred on public hunting areas, 18.0% on private duck clubs, and 41.7% on other areas.An estimated 28,018 goose hunters devoted 157,370 days afield to their sport and harvested 47,384 geese.There were 25,328 (57.2%)Canada geese taken in the Quota Zone, 8,286 (18.7%) at Rend Lake, and 10,688 (24.1%) in the remainder of the state.Crippling losses totaled 92,129 ducks (23.2 per 100 harvested), 10,787 geese (22.8 per 100 harvested), and 1,518 coots (26.1 per 100 harvested).Most (74.2%) hunters favored beginning legal shooting time during the regular duck season at 1/2 hour before sunrise.47.5% thought lead poisoning was a problem on some, many, or all areas, and 61.6% accepted 1 or more criteria (waterfowl dying, lead in blood, shot in gizzards, and spent shot in habitat) for determining whether areas should be required to use nontoxic shot.More than half (53.9%) of the hunters had never used steel shot for harvesting waterfowl, but 51.9% said they would voluntarily use steel on some areas if asked to do so by the Illinois Department of Conservation.The purpose of this study was to collect information via mail-letter questionnaire from a sample of waterfowl hunters in Illinois following the 1981 season.The need for obtaining data on waterfowl harvest, hunter activity, and attitudes of hunters toward hunting regulations and other issues has become increasingly evident in recent years.Experiments with dividing tirga e yinto zones for purposes of setting the duck hunting season, which began imp 19u77,
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".