Isolation and characterization of genetic modifiers of Arabidopsis RHD3
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractRoot hair cells of Arabidopsis are a model system for investigations of polarized cell expansion. Root hairs are long, cellular extensions, produced by tip growth on trichoblast cells of the root epidermis. Many genes necessary for proper tip growth have been identified in Arabidopsis including RHD3. The Arabidopsis root hair defective3 (rhd3) mutant produces short, misshapen root hairs. RHD3 was cloned as a large GTP binding protein, and recently it was shown to be involved in the formation of the tubular ER network. To date, the role of RHD3 in ER formation and the cause of the defective root hairs in rhd3 mutants are still not clear. To uncover genetic interactions of RHD3, a genetic modifier screen was conducted in an rhd3 mutant background. Through this experiment 10 genetic modifiers of rhd3 were isolated. Characterization of these modifiers, revealed that 9 of them carry single, recessive mutations which, in combination with the rhd3 mutation, disrupt the growth of root hairs. Three of the mutations cause mutant root hair phenotypes without the rhd3 mutation. The remaining mutations fall into two groups; those that appear to be epistatic to mutations in RHD3 and those that are only able to affect root hair development in an rhd3 mutant background. A test for genetic interactions between RHD3 and two known genes, SHV2 and BOT1, was also conducted. The SHV2 gene encodes a GPI-anchored, COBRA-like protein, and mutations in SHV2 impair root hair elongation. Analysis of shv2 rhd3 double mutants, revealed that mutations in SHV2 can synthetically enhance the rhd3 mutant root hair phenotype.BOT1 encodes a Katanin-like, microtubule severing protein. Mutations in BOT1 lead to the growth of ectopic root hairs. Double mutant analysis revealed that mutations in BOT1 can partially suppress the effects of mutations in RHD3 on the growth of root hairs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".