Placentofagia nel Cane: Abitudini negli Allevamenti Italiani e Studio Bromatologico degli invogli fetali
Bibliographic record
Abstract
La placentofagia è una pratica diffusa tra i mammiferi terrestri, incluso il cane, ma ancora poco studiata. Lo scopo di questa tesi è stato quello di indagare come gli allevatori di cani si comportino riguardo l’ingestione delle placente nelle loro fattrici e di analizzare le caratteristiche bromatologiche della placenta canina. Dal questionario somministrato on-line è emerso che circa l’80% degli allevatori italiani consente alle proprie fattrici ingerire le placente (il 46,7% solo alcune, mentre il 33,6% lascia a disposizione tutte le placente). Vi è da parte degli allevatori la percezione che vi siano benefici (es. su contrazioni uterine, recupero post partum, la montata lattea, il legame materno), ma anche effetti negativi, come disturbi gastroenterici. Le analisi bromatologiche sono state effettuate su annessi fetali (2-3 per cucciolata) raccolti da 5 parti di Pastori Scozzesi a pelo lungo e 5 parti di Labrador Retriever e hanno mostrato che questi hanno un contenuto proteico, lipidico e di carboidrati rispettivamente pari a 6,78 g/100 g, 0,95 g/100 g e 1,43 g/100 g. L’apporto calorico medio era di 29 kcal per i Pastori Scozzesi a pelo lungo e 48 kcal per i Labrador Retriever, in virtù del maggior peso delle placente di questi ultimi, responsabile anche della differenza statisticamente significativa del peso della sostanza secca e delle proteine nelle due razze (P<0,05). I risultati suggeriscono che la placentofagia possa supportare il recupero energetico nel postpartum, ma è necessario effettuare ulteriori studi per chiarire in modo più specifico le caratteristiche circa micronutrienti, qualità degli amminoacidi, presenza di eventuali sostanze nocive, oltreché di molecole in grado di avere un effetto sulla madre dal punto di vista comportamentale e fisiologico. Placentophagy is a widespread practice among terrestrial mammals, including dogs, but it is still little studied. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how dog breeders behave regarding the ingestion of placentas in their bitches and to analyze the bromatological characteristics of canine placenta. From the questionnaire administered online, it emerged that approximately 80% of Italian breeders allow their bitches to ingest placentas (46.7% only some, while 33.6% leave all placentas available). There is a perception by breeders that there are benefits (e.g. on uterine contractions, postpartum recovery, milk production, maternal bonding), but also negative effects, such as gastrointestinal disorders. Bromatological analyses were performed on fetal appendages (2-3 per litter) collected from 5 litters of Rough Collies and 5 litters of Labrador Retrievers and showed that these have a protein, lipid and carbohydrate content of 6.78 g/100 g, 0.95 g/100 g and 1.43 g/100 g respectively. The caloric intake was on average 29 kcal for Rough Collies and 48 kcal for Labrador Retrievers, due to the greater weight of the placentas of the latter, also responsible for the statistically significant difference in dry matter and protein weight in the two breeds (P<0.05). The results suggest that placentophagy can support energy recovery in the postpartum period, but further studies are needed to clarify more specifically the characteristics regarding micronutrients, quality of amino acids, presence of any harmful substances, as well as molecules capable of having an effect on the mother from a behavioral and physiological point of view.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".