Reading against "Post-Race": multiculturalism in contemporary British literature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
At the turn of the millennium, the shifting racial makeup in Britain created social tensions between its white and nonwhite members.This period coincided with the emergence of a "postracial" discourse, which contends that social and democratic progress will eventually end these tensions by dissolving racial categories altogether.In the 1990s, this idea gained traction in the Western cultural imagination, and mixed-race people became symbols for a utopian "post-racial" future in Western nations.Although "post-race" discourse is propounded as the solution to growing racial tensions, this multicultural model has given way to more insidious forms of racialized violence.This phenomenon is observable in microaggressions, which are acts or comments that are instances of indirect or unintentional discrimination.It also occurs at an institutional level, where laws and acts facilitate systemic inequality.Through the analysis of three novels, Barry Unsworth's Sacred Hunger (1992), Zadie Smith's White Teeth (2007), and Caryl Phillips' Foreigners (2007), this thesis explores how contemporary British novels critique a new era of coded racism that claims to be progressive and inclusive.Chapter One focuses on White Teeth, a novel that stages the effects of British colonial history on generations of immigrants in the twentieth century.Foreigners, the subject of Chapter Two, recovers the forgotten stories of three black British men.Chapter Three analyses Sacred Hunger, a historical novel that juxtaposes the horrors of the transatlantic slave trade with ideas of utopia.Critical race studies, historiography, and Marxist literary theory inform the analysis of how novelists respond to and document British colonialism, forced migration, and inequality.The objective for these authors is not to propose a model for the future that competes with the "post-race" model, but to expose it as a form of false consciousness that reinforces racial hierarchies.Forget iv Résumé Au tournant du millénaire, la composition raciale changeante en Grande-Bretagne a créé des tensions sociales entre ses groupes raciales.Cette période a coïncidé avec l'émergence d'un discours «post-racial», qui soutient que le progrès social et démocratique finira par mettre fin à ces tensions en dissolvant complètement les catégories raciales.Dans les années 1990, cette idée est devenu populaire dans l'imaginaire culturel occidental et les gens de race mixte sont devenus les symboles d'un futur utopique.Bien que le discours «post-racial» soit proposé comme la solution aux tensions, ce modèle multiculturel a produit des formes plus insidieuses de violence raciale.Ce phénomène est observable dans les microagressions, qui sont des actes ou des commentaires qui sont des cas de discrimination indirecte ou involontaire.Cela se produit également au niveau institutionnel, où les lois et les actes facilitent les inégalités systémiques.À travers l'analyse de trois romans, Sacred Hunger de Barry Unsworth (1992), White Teeth de Zadie Smith (2007) et Foreigners de Caryl Phillips (2007), cette thèse explore comment les romans britanniques contemporains critiquent une nouvelle ère de racisme codé qui prétend être progressif et inclusif.Le premier chapitre se concentre sur White Teeth, un roman qui met en scène les effets de l'histoire sur des générations d'immigrants au XXe siècle.Foreigners, le sujet du chapitre deux, retrace les histoires oubliées de trois hommes noirs britanniques.Le troisième chapitre analyse Sacred Hunger, un roman historique qui juxtapose les horreurs de la traite transatlantique des esclaves à des idées d'utopie.Les études critiques de la race, l'historiographie et la théorie littéraire marxiste éclairent l'analyse de la manière dont les romanciers réagissent au colonialisme britannique, les migrations forcées et les inégalités.L'objectif pour ces auteurs n'est pas de proposer un modèle d'avenir qui rivalise avec le modèle «post-race», mais de l'exposer comme une forme de fausse conscience qui renforce les hiérarchies raciales.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.024 | 0.025 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".