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Record W7005617427

Refuges anti-prédation dans le paysage : processus de formation et sélection des îlots par les oiseaux nicheurs de l'île Bylot

2023· other· fr· W7005617427 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueSémaphore (Université du Québec à Rimouski) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
Field
Topic
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsESPACEContext (archaeology)Air transport
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

« L'intégration de la géodiversité en écologie peut améliorer notre compréhension de la distribution et de l'abondance des espèces animales. Certains processus géomorphologiques peuvent générer des structures physiques entravant les mouvements des prédateurs et peuvent affecter la biodiversité par la modulation des interactions interspécifiques. Dans l'écosystème de la toundra arctique, le principal prédateur terrestre (le renard arctique) évite généralement les milieux humides composés d'étangs et d'îlots. Ces îlots peuvent servir de refuges pour les proies. Leur présence dans le paysage peut favoriser la coexistence des espèces dans les communautés de vertébrés arctiques. On sait peu de choses sur les processus qui génèrent les îlots sélectionnés par les proies. Les objectifs de notre étude étaient d'identifier les caractéristiques physiques des îlots sélectionnés par des oiseaux et les processus géomorphologiques générant ces îlots. Lors de deux saisons de reproduction, nous avons déterminé la présence d'oiseaux nicheurs (Goéland bourgmestre; Bernache de Hutchins; Plongeon catmarin) sur des îlots (N=396) situés dans la plaine sud-ouest de l'Île Bylot (Nunavut, Canada). Les trois espèces sélectionnaient des îlots les moins accessibles aux renards arctiques, l'occurrence de nids augmentant (de façon linéaire ou non) avec la distance au rivage et/ou la profondeur d'eau autour de l'îlot. Par image satellite et observations sur le terrain, nous avons montré que la dégradation de polygones à coins de glace générait la majorité des îlots dans le paysage (71%). Ces îlots étaient en moyenne plus éloignés de la berge et entourés d'eau plus profonde que ceux générés par des processus biotiques (succession/aggradation végétale) et d'autres processus géomorphologiques (p.ex. dégradation de crêtes de plages surélevées). Le rôle clé de la dégradation des polygones dans l'origine des refuges sélectionnés par les oiseaux reflète probablement la structure physique inhérente de notre zone d'étude dont la disposition en terrasses favorise la formation de complexes de polygones. Leur dégradation devrait s'accélérer en réponse aux changements climatiques. Le nombre de refuges pourrait augmenter, mais les refuges actuels, majoritairement des vestiges de polygones, pourraient se dégrader et disparaître. Les changements dans le taux de dégradation des polygones pourraient affecter la biodiversité de la toundra arctique en modifiant les interactions prédateurs-proies.-- Mots clés en français : Répartition de la biodiversité, Géodiversité, Refuges, Pergélisol, Oiseaux nicheurs, Changements climatiques. »-- \n« Integrating geodiversity in biodiversity research can improve our understanding of species distribution patterns and abundance. Geomorphological processes generating physical characteristics of the environment that hinder predator movements can affect biodiversity through interspecific interactions. In the Arctic tundra, the main terrestrial predator (the Arctic fox) tends to avoid patches of wetlands composed of ponds with islets, which can act as refuges for prey and promote species coexistence in vertebrate communities. However, little is known about the processes generating islets selected by prey. The main goals of our study were to identify i) the physical characteristics of islets (refuges) selected by Arctic-nesting birds and ii) the geomorphological processes generating these islets in a High-Arctic tundra ecosystem. Over two breeding seasons, we determined the occurrence of nesting birds (Glaucous gull, Larus hyperboreus; Cackling goose, Branta hutchinsii; Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata) on islets (N = 396) found over a 150 km2 area on the southwest plain of Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada). As expected, we found that all three bird species selected the islets less accessible to Arctic foxes, with nesting occurrence increasing (linearly or nonlinearly) with distance to shore and/or water depth around the islet. Based on the analysis of a satellite image and visual field observations, we found that ice-wedge polygon degradation generated the vast majority of islets in the landscape (71%). Moreover, islets resulting from polygon degradation were on average farther from the shore and surrounded by deeper water compared to those generated by biotic (e.g., vegetation succession/aggradation) and other geomorphological processes (e.g., raised beach crest degradation). The key role of polygon degradation in the origin of prey refuges likely reflects the inherent physical structure of our study area (i.e., predominant arrangement of plateaus, flat lowlands and depressions), which promotes the formation of multiple polygon complexes. Polygon degradation is expected to continue and accelerate in response to climate change. The number of refuges may increase, but current refuges, most of which are remains of polygon, could degrade and some may disappear. Changes in the rate of polygon degradation could thus affect Arctic tundra biodiversity by altering predator-prey interactions.-- Mot(s) clé(s) en anglais : Biodiversity distribution, Geodiversity, Refuges, Permafrost, Breeding birds, Climate change. »--

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.897
Threshold uncertainty score0.204

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.015
GPT teacher head0.223
Teacher spread0.208 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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Same venueSémaphore (Université du Québec à Rimouski)French-language works237,207