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Record W7006122589

Spatial interval discrimination in patients with retinitis pigmentosa

2010· dissertation· en· W7006122589 on OpenAlexafffund

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2010
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicDevelopmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Canadian institutionsMcGill UniversityMcGill University Health Centre
FundersCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchCNIBMcGill University
KeywordsVisual fieldStimulus (psychology)Retinitis pigmentosaContrast (vision)LateralityVisual cortexInterval (graph theory)Visual acuity
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Evidence exists that the onset of retinal disease results in both behavioral adjustments by the individual and cortical reorganization of primary visual areas.Previous investigations into the phenomenon of cortical plasticity in the presence of ocular disease have mainly focused on central retinal damage that involves the fovea.The logic underlying these adjustments of the visual system should theoretically also apply to peripheral field loss when central visual functions are preserved.Given the highly tuned ability of the human visual system to encode spatial information, the domain of spatial vision is a logical choice when assessing the behavioral effects of cortical plasticity.Spatial interval discrimination was tested in 33 normally sighted participants and 28 patients with retinitis pigmentosa.When the testing procedure was administered in a symmetrical horizontal display around fixation, accuracy scores did not differ in a meaningful way between RP patients and normals.Performance precision, however, was generally poorer in RP patients, independently of stimulus eccentricity, retinal location or monocular/binocular viewing condition.When stimuli were presented binocularly and asymmetrically, in only one visual hemifield at a time, error scores were systematically related to visual field asymmetries when viewed in the left visual field only.These findings indicate that spatial interval discrimination in the right cortical hemisphere, which specializes in spatial processing, may be more likely susceptible to cortical reorganization in the presence of asymmetric field loss.This indicates that brain laterality may be an important factor to consider when examining changes in cortical function in response to peripheral system damage.In addition, RP patients with smaller iii visual fields were more likely to report subjective perceptions of spatial distortions, especially when viewing faces.This indicates that, even though the measurable changes in visual function were relatively small, functional vision is somewhat affected.Overall, the results with regard to asymmetrical performance between the two hemi-fields hints at the importance of considering lateralization in cortical function when assessing plasticity in the visual system.This research direction will become more important as treatment options for RP advance, specifically with the advent of retinal implants for the purpose of vision restoration.ivAbrégée Les pathologies rétiniennes entraînent une adaptation comportementale et une réorganisation corticale de l'aire visuelle primaire.Les études sur la plasticité corticale liée à des pathologies oculaires se sont principalement intéressées aux atteintes de la rétine centrale.Les remaniements du système visuel observés dans ce type d'atteinte devraient, en principe, se retrouver dans les cas de perte de vision périphérique.Vu la capacité de remaniement du système visuel encodant l'information spatiale, le domaine de la vision spatiale paraissait approprié pour mettre en évidence l'incidence de la plasticité corticale sur le comportement.La discrimination spatiale a été testée chez 33 personnes ayant une vision normale et 28 patients ayant une rétinite pigmentaire (RP).Lorsque les cibles étaient présentées simultanément dans un plan horizontal, de part et d'autre du point de fixation, les résultats des patients RP étaient comparables à ceux des participants témoins.L'exécution de la tâche était cependant moins précise chez les patients RP, quelles que soient l'excentricité du stimulus et la condition visuelle (monoculaire ou binoculaire).Lorsque les stimuli étaient présentés en condition binoculaire, soit dans l'hémichamp visuel gauche, soit dans le droit, les erreurs survenaient lorsque les cibles étaient présentées à gauche, mais pas lorsqu'elles étaient présentées à droite.Ces résultats indiquent que les aires corticales dévolues à la discrimination spatiale dans l'hémisphère droit seraient davantage sujettes à réorganisation dans les cas de perte de vision asymétrique.D'autre part, les patients RP ayant les plus petits champs visuels signalaient davantage de distorsions, plus flagrantes dans l'observation de visages.Malgré de faibles changements quantifiables de la fonction visuelle, la perception visuelle est indéniablement affectée.Cette série d'expériences v montre que la perception spatiale des patients ayant une RP diffère de celle des sujets sains.Cependant, ces différences présentent une grande variabilité qui ne suit pas des schémas systématiques.La latéralisation cérébrale semble donc un facteur à considérer dans l'examen de l'altération des fonctions corticales liée à une atteinte du système visuel périphérique.Avec l'avancée des connaissances dans le traitement de la RP, cette voie de recherche sera à considérer, notamment avec l'avènement des implants rétiniens destinés à restaurer la vision.vi

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.007
Threshold uncertainty score0.013

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0020.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.005
GPT teacher head0.215
Teacher spread0.210 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2010
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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