Effect of induced acute metabolic alkalosis by sodium bicarbonate administration on exercise ventilatory efficiency in healthy adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study of 18 healthy adults aged 22.2 ± 0.5 yrs (mean ± SE), we tested the hypothesis that increasing the arterial PCO2 equilibrium point via induced acute metabolic alkalosis by sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3, 0.3 g/kg) administration would decrease the ventilatory equivalent for CO2 (VÌE-VÌCO2) at its lowest point ("nadir") during high-intensity constant-load cycle exercise testing, reflecting improved exercise ventilatory efficiency. Compared to the NaCl control condition, administration of NaHCO3: increased arterialized venous pH, HCO3- and PCO2 at rest by 0.05 ± 0.01 units, 4.3 ± 0.7 mmHg and 6.4 ± 0.4 meq/L, respectively (all p<0.0001); decreased the VÌE/VÌCO2 nadir by 9.4% (p<0.0001) secondary to reduced VÌE (by 4.7 ± 1.8 L/min, p=0.019); had no effect on cardiometabolic and symptom responses to exercise; and did not improve exercise tolerance. In conclusion, induced acute metabolic alkalosis by NaHCO3 administration improved exercise ventilatory efficiency in healthy adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".