The Effect of the Parent-Administered Sensorimotor Intervention (PASI) on the Developmental Outcomes in Infants Born Preterm at 18 Months of Age
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Infants born preterm (before 37 weeks of gestation) are at a higher risk for sustaining developmental delays thus affecting their quality of life. Early intervention, especially parent-delivered interventions have shown benefits during hospitalization. However, there is limited evidence on their long-term effects post-discharge. This study evaluated the long-term effects of a parent-administered sensorimotor intervention program on development outcomes of infants at 18 to 24 months of age. Methods: A longitudinal follow-up survey was conducted. 80 participants from the original Parent Administered Sensorimotor Intervention (PASI) program were contacted by phone and invited to participate. The PASI program involved a 15-minute daily parent-delivered session over 10 days, including tactile input to oral structures, limbs, trunk, and nonnutritive sucking. The outcomes assessed were: (a) occurrence of global developmental delay, (b) developmental skills in gross motor, fine motor, cognitive, language, and social domains, and (c) parent-perceived quality of life (QoL) of the child. The Infant Development Inventory and the Pediatric Quality of Life Index were used for assessment at 18 to 24 months corrected age. Results: A total of 51 parents (63.7%) agreed to participate. On analysis of baseline characteristics, the experimental group had lower gestational age, APGAR scores, birth weight, greater medical severity, and more co-morbidities than the control group (p < 0.025). No significant differences were found in global developmental delay, specific developmental domains, or health-related QoL between the groups (p > 0.05). However, parents in the experimental group reported fewer concerns about their child’s development compared to the control group (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The results of this study did not show a significant impact of the parent-administered sensorimotor intervention program on the developmental outcomes of preterm infants at 18-24 months of age. However, parents that were part of the experimental group had lesser concerns with regards to their child’s development in comparison to those in the control group. These results suggest potential long-term benefits of the PASI program on parent well-being, and in turn parent-infant interactions and infant development.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".