An epidemiological analysis of acute infectious diarrhea, water, sanitation and housing infrastructure in a First Nations reserve in Northern Manitoba
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Acute infectious diarrhea is defined as increased defecation (the passage of 3 or more loose/liquid stools per 24 hour period) lasting less than fourteen days.The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of acute infectious diarrhea and potential determinants including water, sanitation and housing in a First Nations reserve in norlhern Manitoba.This prospective study was conducted from May 1,2006 to April 30,2007.A rotal of 142 stool samples were collected from 142 participants and 142 questionnaires regarding \i/ater, sanitation and housing were completed by individuals fitting the case definition of acute infectious diarrhea.1381142 stools were tested foi bacteria.1301142 stools were tested for parasites,l39ll42 stools were tested by electron rnicroscopy (EM) and 1321142 by pcR for viral pathogens.Pathogens identifìed included: Cje.iuni (5.8%), B.cereus (5.s%), pãrvolike virus (9.4o/o) by EM, calicivirus (2.9%) by EM, Roravirus (1.4o/o) by EM, Norovirus Genogroup r (GGI) (19.7%) by pcR, and Norovirus Genogroup (GGII) (19.0%) by PCR.The present study identifies possible risk factors/risk markers for acute infectious diarrhea.Statiitically significant association were found between pathogenic stool microorganisms and variables as follows: Aeromonas spp.and lack of clean water accessibility No data 0.00 1.01 0.00 9.34 Nunavut
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".