IAG National Report - United Kingdom (2003)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SLR system calibration, Herstmonceux:The SLR facility at Herstmonceux uses local calibration targets (LCTs) to determine system range errors for correction of its space observations.Current LCT ranges are based on a survey carried out by OS in 1991.Since the time of the survey the LCT positions have changed and range information has been updated by direct transfer using the laser ranger.The NERC Space Geodesy Facility at Herstmonceux required independent verification of these new calibration values and this was carried out by the Department of Geomatic Engineering at UCL. Leica System 500 GPS receivers were used over very long observation periods to establish a high-precision survey network relating the LCTs to two ITRF reference points and further reference marks in the vicinity of the SLR telescope (Md Kadzim, 2002).Theodolite intersection based on the above reference marks then measured the invariant point of the SLR telescope under rotation and thereby determined its position and distance from the local calibration targets (Novak, 2002).Accuracy is estimated to be better than 0.002m.o The NERC Space Geodesy Facility (NSGF), http://nercslr.nmt.ac.uk/Satellite laser ranging: The satellite laser ranging system of the NSGF at Herstmonceux has continued in regular operation throughout 1999-2002.It is operated, weather permitting, in a flexible manner, 24 hours a day, seven days a week.Given UK weather, SGF is recognised as one of the world's most efficient and productive SLR systems.The system makes very accurate range measurements to Earth-orbiting satellites by timing the flight of short laser pulses from the telescope to the satellite and back.The target satellites carry retro-reflectors specifically for this purpose, and a range measurement is made about once every second during each satellite pass, with a precision of at best 8mm.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.019 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.183 | 0.187 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".