Internet haute vitesse et développement économique territorial : Estimation des effets du déploiement des technologies à large bande sur la création et les fermetures locales d’entreprises au Québec, 2005-2019
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Le déploiement d’Internet a des effets importants sur le développent économiquement des territoires, en influençant principalement des facteurs tels que la création d’emplois, la productivité des entreprises, l’innovation et la création d’établissements d’entreprises. À l’aube d’un élargissement des politiques de connectivité, issue du besoin croissant d'accès et pour combler la fracture numérique encore évidente, quels impacts la mise en place de l’Internet haute vitesse dans les territoires du Québec a-t-elle eu sur la création et la fermeture d’établissements dans divers secteurs économiques entre 2005 et 2019 ? En estimant un modèle de doubles différences avec appariement par score de propension, nous isolons l’effet de l’implantation de l’Internet haute vitesse (Câble/DSL et Fibre) sur la création et la fermeture d’établissements, de façon générale tous secteurs industriels confondus, ainsi que pour sept secteurs séparément. Les résultats montrent que, pour l’ensemble des industries, l’accès aux technologies haut débit Câble et DSL a favorisé significativement la création d’établissements et a réduit le nombre de fermetures. L’accès à la Fibre, en revanche, a réduit la création d’établissements et a augmenté les fermetures significativement, pour l’ensemble des industries. Les effets sont hétérogènes entre les secteurs, augmentant la création dans certains d'entre eux, et réduisant les fermetures dans d’autres secteurs spécifiques, selon la technologie déployée. \n \nThe deployment of Internet has important effects on the economic development of territories, \ninfluencing factors such as job creation, business productivity, innovation and the creation of \nbusiness and firm establishments. At the dawn of an expansion of connectivity policies, resulting \nfrom the growing need for access and to bridge the still obvious digital divide, what are the impacts \nof the implementation of high-speed Internet in the territories of Quebec on the creation and closure \nof establishments in various economic sectors between 2005 and 2019? By estimating a model of \ndifferences in differences with propensity score matching, we isolate the effect of high-speed \nInternet implementation (Cable/DSL and Fiber) on the creation/closure of establishments, in \ngeneral for all industrial sectors combined, as well as for seven sectors separately. The results show \nthat, for all industries as a whole, access to broadband technologies such as Cable and DSL \nsignificantly increased the creation of establishments and reduced the number of establishment \nclosings. Access to Fiber, on the other hand, reduced the creation of establishments and increased \nclosures significantly, globally for all industries. The effects are heterogeneous between sectors, \nincreasing creation in some of them, and reducing closures in other specific sectors, depending on \nthe technology deployed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".