Let's Go Girls: An Examination of Modern Christian Womanhood in Canada, 1880–1950
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Canadians were increasingly debating the rightful place of women in modern society. Religious leaders were losing their universal moral authority with the rise of secularization, science, and Darwinism. Women faced changing opportunities and expectations of their gender through the war efforts, the image of the New Woman, the rising international influence of suffragists, and the burgeoning interest in social hygiene. This thesis explores how expectations for women shifted in light of these social changes and aims to complicate the historical narrative by examining the often-conflicting views of Canadians in varying levels of social authority. Drawing upon a wide range of primary sources, including sermons, public addresses, newspaper articles, letters, and court proceedings, the thesis provides a more nuanced understanding of how different groups perceived modern womanhood according to their political and social goals. The first chapter examines how two Protestant religious leaders engaged with the changing scientific, social, and political factors of the time and influenced family values across the country by describing the future of proper womanhood. The second chapter investigates how Emily Murphy (1868–1933), a prominent Canadian maternal feminist, challenged the traditional view of proper womanhood and spread her image of a modern Christian woman in public and private ways. The third chapter explores how Canadian women responded to religious leaders and Murphy’s depictions of womanhood and decided for themselves what to accept and ingratiate into their lives. This nuanced investigation demonstrates how the identity of the modern Christian woman was not one uniform idea but instead was complex and changed according to women’s political and social aims.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".