LONGTERM RISK OF DYSGLYCEMIA AFTER SYMPTOMATIC GASTROENTERITIS DUE TO BACTERIAL WATER CONTAMINATION: THE WALKERTON HEALTH STUDY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In May 2000, the Walkerton Ontario municipal water supply was contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter, causing widespread gastroenteritis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Previous studies indicate HUS may be complicated by insulin deficiency. We performed a retrospective cohort study with prospective follow-up to examine whether individuals who developed gastroenteritis without overt HUS during the outbreak are at increased risk of diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. From 2002-2005, 3259 residents of Walkerton and surrounding areas who were >10 years old with no known history of diabetes or impaired fasting glucose completed annual questionnaires and fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests. Participants were categorized regarding presence of gastroenteritis during the outbreak using data from multiple sources. After a mean follow-up of 4.5+1.0 years, there were no significant differences between groups in age- and sex-standardized rates of the primary composite outcome (asymptomatic: 11.0% [95% CI 8.8-13.2%]; possible gastroenteritis: 11.6% [95% CI 9.0-14.4%]; confirmed gastroenteritis: 10.9% [95% CI 9.4-12.5%]; (trend p=0.944). Gastroenteritis without HUS does not result in an increased risk of abnormal glucose homeostasis up to 5 years after the initial infection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".