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Record W7015271980

The Sinking Nation of Kiribati

2013· article· en· W7015271980 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueUA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicClimate Change, Adaptation, Migration
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPopulationClimate changeQuarter (Canadian coin)Global warmingState (computer science)Population growthStandard of livingSmall Island Developing States
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Because of rising sea levels from global warming, the entire population of the small, low-lying central Pacific island state of Kiribati will need to relocate to a distant land. In Kiribati President Anote Tong’s words, “We need to begin [the migration process] now ... because [we] will either be dead or drown.” Climate change seriously impacts 325 million people, kills 300,000 people, and costs the world $125 billion every year. By the year 2100, global average sea levels may rise up to 1.9 meters, wiping out low-lying island nations, making large parts of Bangladesh uninhabitable, and increasing the chance that major coastal cities like New York will flood. Forty-three small island countries are particularly vulnerable to rising sea-levels, and some, like Kiribati, may end up entirely underwater. Kiribati, which sits only 6.5 feet above sea level on average, is particularly vulnerable to wholenation displacement, as rising sea levels would render most of it uninhabitable. Because fewer than a quarter of residents have jobs, most I-Kiribati (Kiribati citizens) depend on employed relatives and foreign aid.6 Kiribati’s 95,000 inhabitants suffer from significant overcrowding, low incomes, poor sanitation, and severe pollution. As sea levels continue to rise, Kiribati will run out of fresh drinking water and become uninhabitable long before the islands are submerged. The country will eventually face widespread population displacement and de facto statelessness, and Kiribati may no longer have a permanent population. Other countries should help I-Kiribati transition to life in a new nation-state by giving these displaced people an opportunity to pursue an education and acquire work skills and by according them the same rights as permanent residents in that nation. The international community should aid Kiribati in tackling the effects of climate change by providing more affordable loans and grants to Kiribati; coordinating humanitarian and emergency relief efforts in times of displacement; and helping I-Kiribati relocate to ensure that their human rights are protected.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Qualitative · Consensus signal: Qualitative
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.252
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0020.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.035
GPT teacher head0.228
Teacher spread0.193 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designQualitative
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2013
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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