Status of Sandhill Cranes (Grus canadensis) in the Yorkton Wetland Complex, Saskatchewan, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was conducted during 1995-1997 to determine the population size and \nnumber of breeding sandhill cranes in the Yorkton Wetland Complex (YWC) in \nsoutheastern, Saskatchewan, Canada. Breeding pairs were monitored during the spring \nand summer to characterize the habitat surrounding nest sites and determine nesting \nsuccess. Non-breeding flocks were monitored to determine habitat use, roost site \ncharacteristics, and movements. The study also assessed the tolerance and attitudes of \nlocal landowners toward a proposed whooping crane reintroduction. The suitability of \nthe YWC as a potential whooping crane reintroduction site was assessed using the \nbiological criteria developed by the Whooping Crane Recovery Team. \nData on nesting was collected for 7 breeding pairs during the study. Nesting \nbegan in late April and ended in early June. All nests occurred in hardstem bulrush \n(Scripus acutus) stands in the emergent deep marsh zone of open water marshes. Seven \neggs were measured in 4 nests. Total nesting productivity for the 3 years was 0.75 \nfledged chick per pair (16 pairs fledged 12 offspring). Productivity was affected by \ndisturbance, mate change, adult mortality, and predation. Hunting mortality may be a \nfactor limiting population growth. \nNon-breeding flocks occurred on the YWC in all years. A flock numbering up to \n80 individuals was present west of Rokcby Marsh from June to late August 1996. \nAverage dispersal distance from the open water roost was 0.8 km. The flock consistently \nused a field of grand peas (Pisum sativum) as a secondary roost. From April to June \n1997, a flock of 130 birds was present on Rokeby Marsh. The flock fed on swathed \ncereal grains and small groups were observed dry land roosting overnight. \nEight of eleven landowners surveyed were supportive of a whooping crane \nreintroduction in the region. Landowner attitudes towards the presence of sandhill crane \non private landholdings appeared to be shaped largely by concerns about crop \ndepredation. \nThe YWC was dropped from consideration as a potential whooping crane \nreintroduction site largely due to the criteria that the existing migratory flock and the \nreintroduced population should be maintained as separate and distinct entities. As \nwhooping cranes occasionally stop within the YWC during migration, the potential for \ncontact between the 2 populations existed, and the Whooping Crane Recovery Team \nwithdrew the region from further consideration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".