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Record W7018895493

An experimental study of aerodynamics and tip vortex generated by different wing platforms under stationary ground proximity

2023· dissertation· en· W7018895493 on OpenAlexaff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2023
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicAerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAerodynamicsVortexWingHorseshoe vortexAirfoilField (mathematics)
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The growth and development of the two energetic counterrotating wingtip-generated vortices and their impact on the lift-induced drag and flight hazards are of both fundamental and practical importance.Meanwhile, the large lift increase and lift-induced drag reduction produced by aircraft flying close to the ground, especially during takeoff and landing, have long been recognized.Various ground-effect vehicles utilizing this ground proximity-induced aerodynamic benefits have been designed and constructed.To better understand the impact of ground effect, the aerodynamics and near-field tip vortex flow field behind a rectangular wing (RW), tapered backward swept wing (BSW), and forward swept wing (FSW) in stationary ground effect were investigated experimentally at Re = 2.48 10 5 , 1.81 10 5 , and 1.81 10 5 , respectively.The results showed significant lift increase and drag reduction with the reduced ground distance.For the RW and BSW, there was the appearance of a multiple vortex system consisting of a tip vortex, a co-rotating ground vortex, and a counter-rotating secondary vortex.The ground vortex strengthens the tip vortex, whereas the secondary vortex negates its vorticity and causes its rebound.For the FSW, the multiple vortex system was not readily identifiable due to its unique geometry, which always kept the inboard region of the wing in close ground effect while leaving the tip region less affected by the ground effect.The impact of the ground proximity on the trailing vortical flow and the associated lift-induced drag were also discussed in this report.The lift force was computed through the integration of the spanwise circulation distribution, inferred from the crossflow measurement, at selected ground distances, and was found to be in good agreement with the direct wind-tunnel force-balance data, except at h/cr < 10%, where a significant discrepancy existed due to the secondary vortex.h is the ground distance and cr is the root chord.Considering its contribution additive, the discrepancy between the lift forces computed and measured with the force balance in close ground proximity became marginal.The aerodynamics and tip vortex measurements of all wing models outside the ground effect were also acquired to serve as a comparison.iv AbrgLa croissance et le dveloppement des deux tourbillons nergtiques contrarotatifs gnrs en bout d'aile et leur impact sur la trane induite par la portance et les risques de vol sont d'une importance fondamentale et pratique.Paralllement, l'augmentation importante de la portance et la rduction de la trane induite par la portance produites par les aronefs volant prs du sol, en particulier pendant le dcollage et l'atterrissage, sont reconnues depuis longtemps.Divers vhicules effet de sol utilisant ces avantages arodynamiques induits par la proximit du sol ont t conus et construits.Afin de mieux comprendre l'impact de l'effet de sol, l'arodynamique et le champ d'coulement des tourbillons de bout de champ proche derrire une aile rectangulaire (RW), une aile en flche vers l'arrire (BSW) et une aile en flche vers l'avant (FSW) dans un effet de sol stationnaire ont t tudis exprimentalement Re = 2.48 10 5 , 1.81 10 5 et 1.81 10 5 , respectivement.Les rsultats ont montr une augmentation significative de la portance et une rduction de la trane avec la rduction de la distance au sol.Pour le RW et le BSW, on a constat l'apparition d'un systme tourbillonnaire multiple compos d'un tourbillon de pointe, d'un tourbillon de sol en co-rotation et d'un tourbillon secondaire en contrerotation.Le tourbillon de sol renforce le tourbillon de pointe, tandis que le tourbillon secondaire annule sa vorticit et provoque son rebond.Dans le cas du FSW, le systme tourbillonnaire multiple n'tait pas facilement identifiable en raison de sa gomtrie unique, qui maintenait toujours la rgion intrieure de l'aile dans un effet de sol proche, tout en laissant la rgion d'extrmit moins affecte par l'effet de sol.L'impact de la proximit du sol sur l'coulement tourbillonnaire de fuite et la trane associe induite par la portance ont t examins dans ce rapport.La force de portance a t calcule par l'intgration de la distribution de la circulation dans le sens de l'envergure, dduite de la mesure de l'coulement transversal, des distances choisies du sol, et s'est avre en bon accord avec les donnes directes du bilan de force en soufflerie, sauf h/cr < 10%, o un cart significatif existait en raison du tourbillon secondaire.h est la distance au sol et cr est la corde d'ancrage.Si l'on considre que sa contribution est additive, l'cart entre les forces de portance calcules et mesures avec la balance de force proximit du sol devient marginal.Les mesures de l'arodynamique et du tourbillon de pointe de tous les modles d'ailes hors effet de sol ont galement t acquises pour servir de comparaison.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.920
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.266
Teacher spread0.247 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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