INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE IN ADVANCING ENERGY TRANSITION: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Globally, many nations are in the middle of an ongoing energy transition fueled by the rise of renewable energy including wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and hydroelectricity, pointing toward a shift in the energy system away from fossil fuels. With breakthroughs in technological innovation coupled with cost reductions, the share of renewable energy development and consumption is increasing globally, and nations are setting ambitious targets and timelines for the implementation of renewables. In understanding the mechanisms needed to aid energy transition processes, current scholarly literature recognizes that institutions are foundational to renewable energy growth because transitions require institutional change to assist in reconfiguring energy systems to accommodate new energy actors and energy mixes. As such, there is a growing emphasis on the importance of understanding the role of institutions in hastening transition pace and direction and ensuring that expected transition outcomes are realized. This thesis explores the role of institutions in electricity reforms, drawing on a case study of Norway’s electricity sector and its reform process and outcomes. Adopting a historical institutionalism approach and drawing on insights from institutional change theory, two conceptual frameworks are advanced and applied to explain how energy systems restructure, evolve, and successfully transition and to explore whether institutional change produces the intended transformation outcomes. The results show the evolution of institutional change in Norway’s electricity sector through ‘layering’ and ‘conversion’ and identify the institutional configurations that work best in the transition process. Results further show that the success (and failure) of transition processes can be evaluated by analyzing the effect of institutional layering, which has implications for energy transition. Finally, results emphasize the need for an integrated layering approach to balancing potential conflicts and trade-offs between energy institutions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.036 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".