Tiny songbird makes epic migration
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Blackpoll Warbler makes epic migration A tiny songbird heard or seen almost everyday in the U-S and Canada...is really a giant in the animal kingdom. The Blackpoll Warbler weighs about 12 grams but migrates on a non-stop nearly 2-thousand mile journey over the ocean. Chris Rimmer of the Vermont Center for Ecostudies says researchers harnessed 20 warblers with miniaturized geolocators about the size of a dime and tracked the birds' fall migration to South America which ranks among the longest nonstop over water ?ights ever recorded for a songbird. Rimmer says the birds fatten up before their journey. The warbler flaps its wings 20 times per second for 72 straight hours up to 3-million times total. With the help of trade winds, the birds reach speeds of up to 30mph and reach an altitude of 5-thousand feet. Flocks often show up on weather radar as they pass Bermuda. Most migratory songbirds that winter in South America take a less risky, continental route south through Mexico and Central America. The Blackpoll Warbler loses about a fifth of its body weight on the trip. The birds who don't bulk up beforehand, often don't survive. Even the strongest have trouble getting there. The Warbler returns to North America in the spring. Scientists say the populations of many migratory songbirds, including the Blackpoll are in decline. Rimmer says attention must now be focused on what's driving those declines. I'm Steve Grzanich on Rivet.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".