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Record W7026764634

Association between the second and fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and oral squamous cell carcinoma among a sample of Indian population

2019· dissertation· en· W7026764634 on OpenAlexaff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2019
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicSexual Differentiation and Disorders
Canadian institutionsMcGill University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsOdds ratioDigit ratioConfidence intervalLogistic regressionBasal cellPopulationSex ratioAssociation (psychology)
DOInot available

Abstract

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Background: The risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is 2-to 3-fold higher among males compared to females.Greater risk-taking behaviors i.e., smoking, drinking, chewing among males provides a plausible explanation, however, the reason of this behavioral sex difference remains unclear.The ratio of index and ring digits lengths (2D:4D ratio), a marker of intra-utero testosterone level, may affect a series of behavioral characteristics formed later in life, which in turn may influence OSCC risk differently by sex.Objective: To estimate the extent to which low 2D:4D ratio is associated with an increase in OSCC risk in a population from Southern India.In addition, we investigate whether the relationship between the 2D:4D ratio and OSCC changes when taking into account risk-taking behaviors.Methods: We used data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in Kozhikode, Kerala, India, between 2008 and 2012.Newly histologically confirmed OSCC cases (348: 153 females, 195 males) frequency matched by age and sex to controls (371:167 females, 204 males) were recruited from two main referral hospitals.In-person interviews using a questionnaire and life grid collected information on an array of life course exposures (e.g., sociodemographic, anthropometric, behavioral factors).We measured fingers length in a standardized manner using a ruler.We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between the 2D:4D ratio and OSCC.Results: A 2D:4D ratio lower than 1 was associated with an increased OSCC risk (OR=1.65,95% CI: 1.05-2.58)compared to a 2D:4D ratio equal to or higher than 1.This relationship was not influenced by risk-taking behaviors.Conclusion: There is a negative association between 2D:4D digit ratio, a marker of intra-utero testosterone level, and OSCC risk which seems not to be influenced by risk-taking behaviors.v Résumé Contexte: Le risque du carcinome à cellules squameuses oral (CCSO) est de deux à trois fois plus élevé chez les hommes que chez les femmes.Des comportements à risque plus grands chez les hommes, par exemple fumer, boire de l'alcool et mâcher, fournissent une explication plausible, mais la raison derrière cette différence comportementale entre les sexes demeure incertaine.Le rapport entre la longueur de l'index et de l'annulaire (indice 2D:4D), un marqueur du niveau de testostérone intra-utérine, pourrait affecter une série de caractéristiques comportementales formées plus tard dans la vie, pouvant ainsi influencer le risque du CCSO différemment selon le sexe.Objectif: Estimer dans quelle mesure un indice 2D:4D faible est associé à un risque élevé du CCSO dans une population du sud de l'Inde.De plus, nous étudions si le lien entre l'indice 2D:4D et le CCSO change compte tenu des comportements à risque.Méthode: Nous avons utilisé les données recueillies dans le cadre d'une étude cas-témoin en milieu hospitalier réalisée à Kozhikode, Kérala, Inde, entre 2008 et 2012.Des nouveaux cas de CCSO confirmés par examen histologique (348: 153 femmes, 195 hommes) et appariés selon la fréquence pour l'âge et le sexe aux témoins (371: 167 femmes, 204 hommes) ont été recrutés de deux principaux hôpitaux de référence.Des entrevues en personne utilisant un questionnaire et une grille d'entrevue sur la vie ont recueilli des informations sur un ensemble d'expositions au cours de la vie (par exemple: sociodémographiques, anthropométriques, facteurs comportementaux).Nous avons mesuré la longueur des doigts de manière standardisée avec une règle.Nous avons utilisé une régression logistique pour estimer les rapports de cotes (RC) et les intervalles de confiance à 95% (IC) pour l'association entre l'indice 2D:4D et le CCSO.Résultats: Un indice 2D:4D inférieur à 1 était associé à un risque accru de CCSO (RC=1.65,95% IC: 1.05-2.58),contre un indice 2D:4D égal ou supérieur à 1. Ce lien n'était pas influencé par les comportements à risque.Conclusion: Une association négative existe entre l'indice 2D:4D, un marqueur du niveau de testostérone intra-utérine, et le risque du CCSO, laquelle ne semble pas être influencée par les comportements à risque.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.011
Threshold uncertainty score0.023

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.226
Teacher spread0.216 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations0
Published2019
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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