Cognitive factors in long term outcome of first episode psychosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cognitive factors in long term outcome of first episode psychosis\nAmresh Shrivastava, Megan Johnston, Nilesh Shah , Meghana Thakar , and Larry Stitt\na Excecutive Director , Mental Health Foundation of India (PRERANA Charitable trust) and Silver Mind Hospital, 209 Shivkripa Complex, Gokhale Road, Thane, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400 602, Currently: Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, The University of western Ontario, & associate Scientist, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario,Canada, E Mail : amresh.edu@gmail.com b Professor of Psychiatry LTMG Hospital, University of Mumbai, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400 022 c Clinical psychologist, Silver Mind Hospital, Mumbai,India d Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1 e Research Office, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1\n*Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-519-631-8510; Fax: +1-519-631-2512. E-mail address: dr.amresh@gmail.com (A. Shrivastava). Present address: Regional Mental Health Care, 467 Sunset Drive, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada N5H 3V9.\nOne negative outcome associated with schizophrenia is a deterioration of cognitive functioning. The existing research on cognitive functioning in first-episode schizophrenia suggests that cognitive deficits may be present quite early on in the illness. Less is known about what happens to cognitive abilities in the years following a diagnosis of first-episode schizophrenia. The present study examined the cognitive function of individuals first diagnosed with schizophrenia and then again ten years later to examine changes in cognitive functioning across this time period. Individuals diagnosed with first-episode schizophrenia, who ten years later were classified as "recovered," had their cognitive functioning assessed both at the time of diagnosis and at the ten year follow-up. Our results indicate deterioration in some abilities at baseline and a decline of cognitive abilities in the group of clinically recovered patients. Visuo-spatial memory, working memory and executive functioning were shown to decrease in the ten years of treatment following diagnosis and many individuals classified as "recovered" still demonstrate abnormal cognitive functioning. These findings suggest that cognitive functions should be focused on to a much greater degree in current treatment methods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".