Criblage d’une gamme de fruits rouges pour identifier des alternatives aux antibiotiques contre les pathogènes microbiens antibiorésistants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Face à l’émergence de l’antibiorésistance avec une croissance alarmante à l’échelle mondiale, la découverte de nouvelles molécules bioactives isolées d’extraits de fruits présente des pistes potentielles comme nouveaux agents antimicrobiens. Dans ce contexte, cette étude a visé le criblage antimicrobien d’une gamme de 51 différents extraits (méthanol acidifié, éthanol et chloroforme) de fruits provenant de seize espèces végétales, dont la plupart sont endémiques à la forêt boréale de l’Amérique de Nord, contre un éventail de micro-organismes afin d’identifier de nouvelles molécules naturelles inhibitrices. Les résultats ont montré que la majorité (63%) des extraits étudiés ont été actifs contre au moins une des souches bactériennes testées ; sept extraits enrichis en anthocyanes, seize extraits éthanoliques et neuf extraits chloroformiques. Le criblage antibactérien a montré que les extraits dotés du plus large spectre d’activité contre les bactéries à Gram positif et à Gram négatif sont ceux de Cornus canadensis (quatre-temps) et Rubus setosus (mûre noire). Cependant, seul l’extrait éthanolique de Clintonia borealis (clintonie boréale) a présenté une activité antifongique. À notre connaissance, cette étude a mis en évidence pour la première fois le pouvoir antibactérien d’extraits organiques des fruits de R. setosus, Rubus pubescens (catherinette), Vaccinium myrtilloides (bleuet noir), Prunus pensylvanica (merise) et Actaea rubra (actée à grappes rouges). Tout particulièrement, l’extrait chloroformique des fruits d’A. rubra a montré la meilleure activité contre une souche de Staphylococcus aureus résistante à la méticilline (SARM). De surcroît, les extraits éthanoliques des feuilles, tiges et racines d’A. rubra ont été sélectivement actifs contre la souche de Burkholderia thailandensis E30 ce qui laisse présager une activité contre Burkholderia pseudomallei, un pathogène multirésistant à potentiel bioterroriste. Facing the alarming rate of antibiotic resistance worldwide, new bioactive molecules isolated from fruit extracts may have potential as new antimicrobial agents. Within this context, the present study sought to screen the antimicrobial activity of a range of 51 fruit extracts (acidified methanol, ethanol, and chloroform) from 16 plant species, most of which are endemic to the boreal forest of North America. These extracts were tested against a range of microorganisms to identify new naturally inhibitory antimicrobials. Our results showed that the majority (63%) of the studied extracts were active against at least one of the tested bacterial strains, including seven extracts enriched in anthocyanins, 16 ethanolic extracts, and nine chloroform extracts. Moreover, the antibacterial screening showed that the extracts with the broadest activity spectrum against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are those from Cornus canadensis (bunchberry) and Rubus setosus (setose blackberry). However, only the ethanolic extract from Clintonia borealis (bluebead) exhibited a significative antifungal activity. To the best of our knowledge, this study has demonstrated for the first time the pronounced antibacterial activity of fruit organic extracts from R. setosus, Rubus pubescens (dewberry), Vaccinium myrtilloides (Canadian blueberry), Prunus pensylvanica (pin cherry), and Actaea rubra (red baneberry). Specifically, the chloroform extract from A. rubra showed the strongest activity against a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Interestingly, the ethanolic extracts of the leaves, stems, and roots from A. rubra were active against Burkholderia thailandensis E30 and could therefore be active against Burkholderia pseudomallei, a potential multidrug-resistant bioterrorism agent.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".