The differences in preferences among traditional vs. non-traditional lentil consumers in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canada is a major producer and exporter of lentils, playing a significant role in the global pulse market. Understanding current and future trends in consumer preferences for lentils is crucial not only for the Canadian pulse sector, but also for lentil breeders and producers around the world. Canada is a highly diverse, multicultural country, making it an ideal setting to investigate lentil consumption patterns. This study uses survey data related to Canadian consumers with an ethnic tradition of lentil consumption as a proxy for understanding consumer behavior in other countries. By comparing the preferences for lentils among consumers who are culturally associated with lentil-consuming countries (traditional lentils consumers) and those who are not (non-traditional lentils consumers), the research aims to shed a light on the factors shaping the Canadian lentil market. An online survey of 1236 Canadian consumers was conducted to assess the differences in preferences among traditional versus non-traditional lentil consumers in Canada. Data are analyzed using Probit model. The results show that traditional lentil consumers, consumers for whom physical attributes of lentils are important, people who respect environmental issues, people who care about health, people who believe that lentils are easy to cook, and people who believe plant-based proteins like lentils are more affordable compared with meat, are more likely to consume lentils frequently. Also based on this research, consumers for whom animal rights are important, are less likely to consume lentils frequently. Consumers between 25-54 years old are more likely to be frequent lentil consumers relative to people 65 and above. Also, consumers with a postgraduate education level, are more likely to consume lentils frequently, relative to people with a bachelors’ degree. Also, avoiding consuming GMO-products and animal rights are more important for traditional consumers while physical attributes of lentils, convenience and affordability are more important for non-traditional lentils consumers.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".