Dynamics of colloidal inclusions in hydrogels
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The electric-field-induced response of colloidal particles in hydrogels isused as a diagnostic method for probing colloid-hydrogel interfaces, where we measure the electrokinetic potential of polystyrene particles in polyacrylamide hydrogels using an optical tweezers setup with back-focal-plane interferometry and feed-back control to compensate low-frequency drift. A generalization of pertinent relations in the standard electrokinetic model is used to interpret the experiments, showing how the electrokinetic potential depends on ionic strength, surface chemistry, and polymer content of the suspending medium. A similar behaviour for the influence of ionic strength and surface chemistry on the surface potential of polystyrene particles in both hydrogels and deionized water is observed. Whereas the cross-linking ratio, defined as the molar ratio of cross-linking units to the total number of monomers, has a small effect on the colloidal inclusion surface potential, the influence of monomer concentrationis significant. Also, we present theoretical calculations of the dynamics of uncharged spherical inclusions in charged, compressible polymer skeletons to facilitate accurate interpretations of classical and electrical micro-rheology, and electroacoustics. Moreover, we undertake the theoretical analysis of the dynamic response of hydrogels in a parallel-plate channel to external stimuli, such as a pressure gradient and/or electric field.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".