Étude de concepts de morphing électroactif innovants pour l'augmentation des performances aérodynamiques d'une aile d'A320 par simulation numérique de Haute Fidélité
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present thesis aims at investigating bio-inspired concepts of morphing wings for future greener aviation through aerodynamic performance increase in the context of CO2 emissions reduction. The work was conducted under the European research project BEALIVE - “Bioinspired Electroactive multiscale Aeronautical Live skin”, http://horizon-europe-bealive.eu/, and in the continuation of the European research project SMS - “Smart Morphing and Sensing for aeronautical configurations”, www.smartwing.org/SMS/EU, both coordinated by the Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT). This research was carried out in collaboration between Ontario Tech University and IMFT, and was partially funded by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada in the framework of the Canada Research Chair Tier 1 Program in Adaptive Aerodynamics. High-Fidelity numerical simulations were implemented in the Navier Stokes MultiBlock (NSMB) solver around the Intermediate Scale (IS) Airbus A320 wing prototype in the subsonic regime for Reynolds number one million, and conducted in synergy with experimental measurements in the IMFT S4 wind tunnel. Special attention was devoted to the fundamental flow dynamics mechanisms around the wing and their modifications when morphing is activated, aiming for a deeper physical understanding. Novel electroactive morphing concepts were explored through slight deformations and vibrations of the near trailing edge region of the wing for different types of actuation, leading to a less intrusive active surface for efficient wake manipulation. Bio-inspired by fish scales and bird feathers, this disruptive “live-skin” design consists of an innovative moving interface between the lifting structure and the surrounding turbulence by means of a very large degrees of freedom (DoF) of the actuators composing the morphing system. The Organised Eddy Simulation turbulence modelling was used to capture the shear layers dynamics in the wake and reveal its physical content in terms of coherent structures. A large parametric study was first performed with regard to a constant and a linear-time variation (wobulation) of the trailing edge vibration frequency, enabling to detect optimal morphing parameters. Then, a modulation of the actuation amplitude was investigated under the form of a sinusoidal spanwise travelling wave for different vibrating frequencies and wavelengths. Advanced spectral and wavelet analysis unveiled the presence of natural frequencies of Kelvin Helmholtz and von Kármán vortex structures, together with their natural spanwise undulations associated with secondary instability, which were found to play an essential role in terms of efficient wake manipulation and aerodynamic performance increase. Optimal vibrations with a constant amplitude and frequency were found to reduce drag up to 3.92%, increase lift up to 3.02%, and increase lift-to-drag ratio up to 4.87%. Spanwise modulation of the amplitude along the span of the wing was found to provide a similar increase in aerodynamic performance with a simultaneous reduction of aerodynamic forces fluctuations (rms) up to 50%, resulting in a potentially significant reduction in noise.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".