Identification and characterization of the novel homedomain-containing transcription factor PREP2
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transcription factors encoded by the Hox gene family are conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Their differential spatial and temporal expression is crucial for axial patterning in early embryonic development. The affinity and specificity of DNA-binding by the homeodomain (HD)-containing HOX proteins is raised by interaction with cofactors. The three-amino-acid-loop-extension (TALE) class of HD-containing proteins comprises HOX-cofactors which are further categorized into subfamilies including the PBC family, the MEIS family and the PKNOX/PREP family. HOX-cofactors belonging to the TALE class have been shown to form dimeric or trimeric complexes with other TALE family members and with HOX proteins to regulate Hox target genes. It is the composition of these complexes that controls their stability, target gene selectivity and recruitment of coregulators, and finally determines Hox-dependent developmental programs. We used the proto-oncoprotein PBX, which belongs to the PBC family, to identify new PBX-interacting partners in a yeast-two-hybrid approach. In this process, we identified a novel member of the PREP family, which we designated PREP2. PREP2 is ubiquitously expressed during embryonic development and exists in multiple isoforms that localize to different subcellular compartments as revealed by two antibodies that we raised against the N and C-terminus of the protein. The subcellular distribution is regulated by several non-exclusive mechanisms including active nucleocytoplasmic transport, cytoplasmic retention, protein-protein interaction as well as phosphorylation. Most strikingly, the actin as well as the tubulin cytoskeleton seem to be involved in this regulatory process, hence representing a novel means of regulation for a TALE class protein. In an attempt to identify the various PREP2 isoforms, we cloned and characterized a splicing variant -PREP2/E12- that has the potential to act as a dominant negative. Interestingly, PREP
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".