Introgression of blackleg resistance genes from related Brassica species to B. napus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops, contributing more than $26 billion annually to the Canadian economy. Blackleg is caused by fungal plant pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm) Ces. et de Not. In canola, blackleg disease causes more than $1 billion in yield losses globally. There are different disease management strategies, and using resistant cultivars is one of the economically viable and environmentally sustainable approaches. There are reports of a breakdown of blackleg disease resistance in Australia, France, and Canada due to severe pathogen pressure. Twenty-two blackleg-specific resistance genes have been identified in different Brassica species. Out of these, the B-genome blackleg-specific resistance genes provide resistance throughout a plant's life. This thesis addresses the identification of putative novel sources of resistance from Brassica juncea and hexaploid Brassica into B. napus. In the first project, different B. juncea UM lines were used to identify a high level of resistance against blackleg disease and were screened with L maculans isolate 03-15-03 (AvrLm2, AvrLm3, AvrLm5-9, AvrLm6, AvrLm10, and AvrLm11) and PG4-1-M (AvrLm2, AvrLm5-9, AvrLm6, AvrLm10, and AvrLm11). Plants were inoculated with different L. maculans (AvrLm3 and avrLm3; AvrLm5 AvrLm6, AvrLm5 avrLm6, and avrLm5 avrLm6) isolates to identify the novel source of resistance in Brassica napus Westar x Brassica juncea UM3073 (UMBJ16) genotypes. For genotyping, UMBJ16 genotypes were tested for all the available blackleg-specific resistance gene-linked Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) (Rlm1, Rlm2, Rlm3, Rlm4, Rlm7, Rlm9, LepR1, LepR2, LepR3, and LepR4) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers (Rlm6 and rjlm2). In the second project, the B-genome blackleg-specific resistance genes were introgressed from hexaploid Brassica into B. napus. Similar phenotyping and genotyping approaches were followed to identify the putative novel source of resistance against L. maculans isolate 03-15-03 and PG4-1-M in Brassica napus Westar x hexaploid Brassica crosses (BNHB16). This resulted in the identification of a putative novel source of resistance against L. maculans isolate PG4-1-M in UMBJ16 and BNHB16 genotypes. This newly developed germplasm will help to develop blackleg-resistant breeding material in canola and rapeseed breeding programs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".