The co-expression of TLR4 and CD40 homodimer enhance B cell activation (P4447)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract CD40 is a critical regulator of the immune response and a key player in several autoimmune diseases. Accumulating evidence indicates that CD40 is essential for both innate and adaptive immunity. Moreover, it has been reported that CD40 engagement induces the formation of disulfide-linked (dl) CD40 homodimers, albeit the role of this response in B-cell function remains elusive. Here, we report that oxidative stress induces CD40 self-association through cysteine-238 residues independently of ligand binding. However, our results show that the production of ROS downstream of CD40 is independent of its dimerization. Notably, CD40 homodimers are required for full B-cell activation and TLR4-induced CD23 and CD80 expression. In addition, these responses were dependent upon Jak3 association to CD40 and PI-3 kinase activation. Our results highlight the role of CD40 homodimers in innate and adaptive immunity and may lead to the generation of novel biological targets for the treatment of CD40-assciated inflammatory disorders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".