<i>Hollingsworth v. Perry</i>: What Should the Court Do?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Justice Anthony Kennedy faces a simple choice with profound consequences: When the Supreme Court considers the issue of marriage equality for gays and lesbians, does he want to write the next Plessy v. Ferguson 1 or the next Brown v. Board of Education? 2 As Justice Kennedy approaches the issue, he likely knows it is just a matter of time before gays and lesbians are accorded marriage equality in this country.Since the year 2000, eleven countries have begun allowing same-sex couples to marry: The Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Canada, South Africa, Norway, Sweden, Portugal, Iceland, Argentina, and Denmark. 3 Last year, three more state legislatures, in Maine, Maryland, and Washington, adopted legislation allowing gays and lesbians to marry. 4 Recent opinion polls show that half of Americans now favor allowing gay marriage; 5 a 2011 poll found that 70% of Americans between the ages 18 and 34 support gay marriage. 6n light of this, Justice Kennedy has to know that a Supreme Court opinion rejecting marriage equality will be considered in hindsight to be as misguided as the infamous Bowers v. Hardwick ruling, which held that states could criminalize private, adult, consensual homosexual activity. 7 Justice Kennedy wrote the opinion in Lawrence v. Texas, 8 overruling Bowers.In fact, Lawrence v.Texas was one of only two Supreme Court decisions in history advancing rights for gays and lesbians-the other was Romer v.Evans in 1996-and Justice
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".