Maternity Care Providers’ Perceptions of\nthe Implications of Birth and Gestation\nTourism for Patients, Health Care\nProviders, and the Canadian Health\nCare System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Les auteurs se demandent comment les fournisseurs de soins obstétriques perçoivent le tourisme obstétrique et les ententes internationales de gestation pour autrui (ou maternité de substitution). Ils procèdent à un sondage en ligne auprès d'un échantillon de commodité, constitué de 136 fournisseurs de soins obstétriques provenant de l'Alberta et de la Colombie-Britannique. Les répondants font état des conséquences de ces deux pratiques, dont le détournement des ressources en soins de santé destinées aux citoyens canadiens, les ramifications qu'ont ces pratiques pour l'intégrité du système d'immigration, leurs conséquences socio-économiques pour le système de soins de santé et pour les fournisseurs de soins, et les risques pour la santé des mères et des nourrissons. Parmi les répondants, 30,6 % se disent modérément en désaccord et 31,3 % fortement en désaccord avec l'attribution de la citoyenneté canadienne de naissance au Canada, 81,4 % déclarent que la législation relative à la citoyenneté par droit du sol devait être modifiée, et 80,0 % indiquent que le Canada devrait interdire que des femmes vivant au Canada soient payées par des ressortissants étrangers pour porter un enfant, lui donner naissance et le leur céder. Les recherches doivent être poussées plus loin pour qu'il soit possible de quantifier l'étendue et les conséquences du tourisme obstétrique et des ententes internationales de gestation pour autrui, et pour déterminer si ces conséquences justifient la modification de la législation actuelle. Abstract: This study investigates maternity care providers' perceptions of birth tourism and international gestational preconception arrangements (i.e., surrogacy). A convenience sample of 136 maternity care providers from Alberta and British Columbia completed our online survey. Respondents reported consequences of both practices, including redirection of Canada's health care resources from local citizens, ramifications for the integrity of the immigration system, socio-economic consequences for the health care system and care providers, and health risks for mothers and infants. Of the respondents, 30.6% somewhat disagreed and 31.3% strongly disagreed with awarding citizenship by birth in Canada, 81.4% stated that birthright citizenship legislation should be modified, and 80.0% stated that Canada should disallow foreign nationals from paying women living in Canada to gestate, give birth, and surrender children to foreign nationals. Further research is necessary to quantify the scope and implications of birth tourism and international gestational preconception arrangements and to determine whether these implications justify amendment to current legislation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".