Pathogen inactivation in biosolids with lime and fly ash addition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A laboratory study was conducted adding alkali to inactivate pathogens in anaerobically digested, dewatered biosolids from North End Wastewater Pollution Control Center (NEWPCC). Fecal coliform bacteria were used as indicator microorganism in this study. The indigenous fecal coliform density in the samples ranged from 6.6 * 106 to 21 * 107 Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g total solid (TS). The results of bench scale work showed that lime addition followed by storing the biosolids samples in airtight containers at room temperature (20-23C) was very effective in inactivation of fecal coliform bacteria. The effect of fly ash addition on fecal coliform inactivation was also studied. Fly ash dose required for inactivating fecal coliforms depends on the alkaline component of the fly ash. The laboratory work also showed that expressing the alkali dose, for example, as 20g/kg TS or 5% on a wet-weight basis, was inconvenient since alkali dose requirement for pathogen inactivation varies with biosolids composition (mainly, total solid or moisture content). As a control, a storage test on biosolids without lime addition was also conducted. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".