Plectosphaerella cucuminera: a potential bioherbicide for Cirsium arvense
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plectosphaerella cucuminera, a fungal pathogen of several plant species globally, has recently been confirmed as a naturally-occurring disease-causing agent in Cirsium arvense in pastures in New Zealand. To explore its potential as a bio-herbicide, five green-house/growth-cabinet experiments were conducted between 2006 and 2013, two in New Zealand and three in Canada (the latter comparing Canadian and New Zealand isolates). A sixth experiment, in a pasture in New Zealand, provided “proof-of-concept” using the New Zealand isolate. The fungus defoliated C. arvense plants under both the greenhouse and field conditions when applied at 1013 conidia ha-1 in water volumes ranging from 250-1500 L ha-1. Disease levels were highest with multiple applications of conidia, the addition of Pulse wetting agent, temperatures around 20°C and 48 h leaf wetness following application. Isolates of P. cucuminera obtained from C. arvense both in New Zealand and Canada caused similar levels of disease under a range of environmental conditions indicating a global opportunity for its development as a bio-herbicide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".