Returning Southeast Asia’s Past: Objects, Museums, and Restitution. Louise Tythacott and Panggah Ardiyansyah, eds. Singapore: National University of Singapore Press, 2021. 304 pp., 54 colour illustrations, list of contributors, index. Hardcover US $42, ISBN 978-981-325-124-3.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The media regularly report news concerning the restitution of cultural treasures by museums, with current topics including the transfer in the near future of the Benin bronzes that are held in the British Museum to Nigeria and the return of art works of questionable provenance by the National Gallery of Australia to India.These relatively recent instances were preceded by high profile cases concerning the return by various countries, museums, and individuals of items looted by the Nazis; some of these restitutions occurred after the adoption of Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art at the Washington Conference of 1998.These principles were notable in recommending national processes for the implementation of restitutions, particularly in suggesting alternative dispute resolution mechanisms for resolving ownership issues.It is such complex issues surrounding restitution, object histories, and questions of ownership, mainly in the context of western institutions seeking to decolonize their collections, that are discussed and documented by the various authors in the 2021 publication Returning Southeast Asia's Past: Objects, Museums, and Restitution, which is edited by Louise Tythacott and Panggah Ardiyansyah.This is the first book entirely devoted to object restitution to Southeast Asia.The contributors provide complementary perspectives as they are museum professionals and scholars from both Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia, as well as Europe, North America, and Australia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.024 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".