A Cell Line Assay to Detect Neutralizing Antibodies against HIV-1 Primary and Prototypic Viruses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A cell line assay to detect neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 primary and prototypic isolates is described. The assay uses the human mega-glioblastoma astrocytic cell, U87-MG that has the stable expression of the human CD4 and either CXCR4 or CCR5 receptors. The results demonstrate that this cell line allows for entry and replication by all known HIV-1 isolates. Comparison of this target to other transformed cell lines, such CEM, H9, and MT-2 cells, shows that the U87-based assay is more consistent. The U87-based assay was also compared to the more traditional peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) assay, which utilizes primary HIV-1 isolates. Overall the PBMC assay was more sensitive than the 087 format. However, the 087-based cell assay is more consistent because the donor variability associated with PBMCs is eliminated. The U87-based assay allows for rapid and inexpensive setup and endpoint analysis. This proposed neutralization assay maybe used as a high throughput-screening assay for detecting neutralizing antibodies for individuals involved in a third phase clinical trial. This assay can be used to test vaccinee serum against both primary and prototypic HIV-1 isolates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".