The bioenergetic basis of anadromy in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) /
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Migratory and resident forms of salmonid fishes, including brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), coexist in many river systems, but little is known about the ecological basis of these important variations in life history. This thesis elucidates the bioenergetic basis of anadromy (migration from freshwater spawning sites to the sea) in populations of brook trout. By focusing on the early stages, I provide support for the idea that variation in energy allocation leads to the adoption of migratory or resident strategies. More specifically, I demonstrate that juvenile anadromous brook trout, in the year(s) prior to migration, exhibit higher food consumption rates but lower growth efficiencies compared to residents indicating that they have higher metabolic costs. Higher metabolic costs of migratory fish are associated with the exploitation of higher current velocity habitats that provide more food but at a higher cost. This conclusion is supported by differences in delta13C (migrants have more negative delta13 C compared to residents), morphology (migrants are more streamlined than residents), and field observations (brook trout inhabiting streams with both forms exploit a wider range of habitats than those inhabiting 'pure' resident streams). Brook trout thus appear to migrate in response to energetic limitations in their local habitat. The estuary to which they migrate has better feeding opportunities, as the prey spectrum at sea is both larger and wider than that found in freshwater. This permits them to undergo diet shifts to larger prey, reducing their foraging costs, and thus most likely contributes to the trout's rapid growth rates experienced at sea. Importantly, the results of this thesis indicate that the persistence of migrant and resident strategies in the same system suggest a trade-off between local adaptability and the ability to exploit large-scale environmental heterogeneity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".