Decay-Induced Changes in the Physical and Mechanical Properties of First Year Ice.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes the results and analysis of one season of measurements of decayed first year sea ice in the central Canadian Arctic. The study was conducted from 21 May to 19 July 2000 during which time the mean air temperature steadily increased from –15°C to a maximum of +7.5°C. The ice was 1.20 m thick when the program began on 21 May and had decreased to 0.83 m thick by 19 July. On average, the ice ablated at a rate of about 23 mm/day during the program. Initially, the average salinity throughout the full thickness of ice was 5.5 ‰. By 19 July measurements showed that the bulk salinity of the ice had decreased to less than 0.5 ‰. The upper and lower surfaces of the ice began to desalinate before the bulk layer of ice. One of the main components of the study was to measure the in situ confined compressive strength of the ice with a borehole jack assembly; 110 borehole jack tests were conducted from 21 May to 19 July. Over the nine-week period, the in situ strength of the ice decreased from 12 to 3 MPa. Measurements showed that the ice maintained a strength of 3 MPa during the last three weeks of the study. The ice continued to ablate during that time. Most of the decrease in ice strength resulted from changes in the physical properties of the ice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".