Essays in Health Labor and Housing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This dissertation presents three empirical studies on health, labor, and housing. Each chapter addresses a timely or underexplored question with implications for policy and practice. Chapter 1 examines the impact of the Affordable Care Act on the residential substance abuse treatment (RSAT) market. Using county-level data from 2004 to 2015, I find that the supply of RSAT facilities increased by 24 percent in low-saturation counties and by an additional 15 percent in Medicaid expansion states. To assess the broader implications of this expansion, I examine changes in drug overdose mortality across counties with differing RSAT growth. I find no evidence that increased RSAT access is associated with changes in overdose mortality and discuss three possible explanations: limited expansion in underserved areas, persistent barriers to treatment use, and variation in provider quality.Chapter 2 investigates whether physicians relocate following the public disclosure of a malpractice incident involving a colleague in the same practice group. Despite the rise of group practice, little is known about peer responses to reputational shocks. Building a provider-level monthly panel from California, I find an 11 percent increase in mobility among colleagues after a disclosure, relative to the pre-disclosure baseline. However, this effect is not statistically significant in annual data. The results suggest that malpractice disclosures have limited spillover effects on colleagues’ geographic decisions. Chapter 3 analyzes whether the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program improves residential stability for families with school-age children. Using administrative address records from North Carolina public school students, I construct a unique block group–level panel dataset. Results show that both economically disadvantaged (ECD) and non-ECD students experience reduced short-term mobility after moving into LIHTC neighborhoods, which are generally more affordable than other areas. However, it is difficult to isolate the effect of LIHTC housing from the broader neighborhood context. Additional analysis of repeat movers indicates that families often leave LIHTC neighborhoods after relatively short stays and tend to relocate to higher-income areas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".