The General Circulation of the Atmosphere: 2000 Program of Study in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In its millennial session, the GED program focused on "The General Circulation of the Atmosphere." Isaac Held led the charge with an inspiring two-week introductory course, strongly supported by the lectures of Alan Plumb, Wayne Schubert, Michael Cullen, and Oliver Buehler. As the dust settled, the important concept of pseudomomentum shone brightly in the sky above Walsh Cottage. This is a concept which has virtually transformed meteorology within the past 20 years, yet it remains mostly unfamiliar to oceanographers and others. Thus our "pseudomomentum summer", perfectly fit the GFD mission of diffusing ideas across disciplinary boundaries. As the summer wore on, the range of topics broadened in its customary way to include: the general circulation of Jupiter and Mars; lattice-Boltzmann and gas-kinetic methods for solving the equations of fluid mechanics; the scattering of sound waves by vortices; the heating of the universe; and many more topics too numerous to list. For an accurate impression of the program's activities, the reader should be sure to scan the 2000 lecture schedule. Our 9 GFD fellows--all attending American or Canadian universities, but representing America, Italy, Barbados, Greece, Ghana and China--seemed to thrive in this atmosphere, holding up well under the pressure of the full lecture schedule and the deadline for research projects. Once again I must apologize to the many excellent applicants who were not selected to be fellows.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".