Genotype and environment variation in the phenolic antioxidant properties of hard spring wheat
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, synthesized naturally in wheat and other plants, are potent antioxidants that protect plants and their consumers against the damaging effects of oxidative stress.This thesis research project was carried out to investigate the effects of genotype (G), growing environment (E) and G x E interactions on the total phenolic content, phenolic acid composition and antioxidant activity of wheat genotypes grown in the Canadian Prairie region.Sets of samples comprised of six hard spring wheat genotypes: Neepawa, AC Elsa, AC Barrie, Superb, AC Vista and AC Snowbird were investigated.One set was comprised of sound wheat harvested from Regina, Swift Current, Melfort and'Winnipeg during the 2003 crop year.The other was comprised of Fusartumdamaged, frost damaged and sound wheat respectively harvested from Carman, Regina and Swift Current during the2004 crop year.G effects were signifrcarrt r<0.0001) for total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AoA) (% DPPH scavenging capacity) and concentrations of ferulic acid (FA), o-coumaric acid (OCA), p- coumaric acid (PCA), syringic acid (SA), caffeic acid (CA), and vanillic acid (VA) in 2003 wheat harvest.Significant G effects were also detected in the superoxide scavenging capacities of water (SSCW) and lipid (SSCL) soluble substances, but not for any ofthe peroxyl radical scavenging properties.For 2004 samples, genotype effects were significant <0.05) for TPC and concentrations of VA, SA, FA, PCA and OCA' Interaction effects were significant for TPC, SSCW and SSCL among the parameters measured in 2003 wheat.In the 2004 wheat, interaction effects were significant for concentrations of VA, SA and FA.E effects were significant <0.01) for all the parameters measured in the 2003 and2004 samples.The relative contribution of G, E and ltl G x E interaction to total variation largely indicated domination of E. Frost-damaged wheat had a significantly higher TPC, AOA (% DPPH scavenging capacity) and higher concentrations of gallic acid (GA), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), VA, CA, SA, PCA, FA and OCA than Fusarium-damaged and sound wheat.Significant genotype effects indicate the possibitity of selecting for given phenolic antioxidant traits in genotype development programs.Such processes would, however, likely be complicated and /or delayed by significant influences of E and G x E interaction'
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".