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Record W7039750937

Modeling the effect of elasticity in motile cells

2020· dissertation· en· W7039750937 on OpenAlexfundno aff

Bibliographic record

VenueeScholarship@McGill (McGill) · 2020
Typedissertation
Languageen
FieldMathematics
TopicMathematical Biology Tumor Growth
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersMcGill University
KeywordsElasticity (physics)Context (archaeology)Living cellDynamics (music)Collective behaviorCellLimit (mathematics)
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Cells of living organisms interact in a variety of ways such as through biochemical and mechanical cues.Cancer metastasis, wound healing and embryonic development are all examples of multi-cellular processes whereby collective behavior of cells is understood to emerge, in part, due to the physical interactions between individual cells.The experimental study of such interactions, both in vivo and in vitro are invaluable.Nonetheless, it is often not possible to independently vary specific physical properties of cells without altering other aspects of their behavior.In this thesis we develop two methods to numerically simulate interacting elastic motile 2D cells that explicitly track each individual cell.Both methods allow for large deforma- AbrégéLes cellules des organismes vivants interagissent de différentes manières, notamment par le biais de signaux biochimiques et mécaniques.Les métastases du cancer, la cicatrisation des plaies et le développement embryonnaire sont tous des exemples de processus multicellulaires desquels le comportement collectif de cellules émerge, en partie grâce aux interactions physiques entre cellules individuelles.L'étude expérimentale de telles interactions in vivo et in vitro est inestimable.Néanmoins, il n'est souvent pas possible de faire varier indépendamment des propriétés physiques spécifiques des cellules sans modifier d'autres aspects de leur comportement.Dans la présente thèse, nous développons deux méthodes pour simuler numériquement les interactions de cellules 2D motiles élastiques à partir du comportement de chaque cellule individuelle.Les deux méthodes permettent des déformations importantes dont nous montrons qu'elles sont nécessaires pour reproduire le comportement observé.La première approche est un modèle de champ de phase qui a depuis gagné en popularité malgré que les simulations à grande échelle soient coûteuses sur le plan des ressources informatiques en raison de la grande quantité de calculs qu'elles nécessitent.La deuxième méthode correspond à la limite d'interface nette de la précédente et offre un gain d'un facteur 200 en vitesse de calcul.Cela nous permet de caractériser complètement le comportement des cellules à travers différents paramètres et scénarios.Dans le contexte du cancer, nous démontrons qu'une cellule molle entourée de cellules plus rigides donne lieu à de rares «rafales» de vitesse où le comportement collectif incite la cellule à passer d'un état déformé à un état plus détendu avec une vitesse élevée.Ce iii I would first and foremost like to acknowledge my thesis supervisor, Prof. Martin Grant.None of this work would be possible without his direction, expertise, advise, patience, imperturbable nature, and humor.He gave me the opportunity to explore problems that interested me, and though he held demanding roles as Dean of Science and Department Chair, he always found time to discuss our work and provide me with timely feedback.His guidance not only enabled me to accomplish this work, but more importantly to grow as a scientist, and as a person.I also wish to give thanks to Benoit Palmieri, for starting the project that forms the foundation of this thesis.I also thank him for his continued help, insight, suggestions and corrections, even after moving on from McGill.My research was made possible through support from the Department of Physics at McGill, The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Fonds québécois de la recherche sur la nature et les technologies.Computer simulations were made possible thanks to the infrastructure and support from CLUMEQ and Compute Canada.Special thanks to Juan Gallego for always going above and beyond to resolve any IT

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.011
Threshold uncertainty score0.022

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.001
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0020.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.023
GPT teacher head0.268
Teacher spread0.245 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2020
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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