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Record W7040004073

Numerical Seismic Assessment of a Deep and Narrow Tabular Mine

2023· other· fr· W7040004073 on OpenAlexaboutno aff

Bibliographic record

VenuePolyPublie (École Polytechnique de Montréal) · 2023
Typeother
Languagefr
FieldPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
TopicAdvanced Drug Delivery Systems
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsSeismic surveyTelmatologyGeophysical prospectingProspecting
DOInot available

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

RÉSUMÉ: Les mines tabulaires étroites en roche dure révèlent souvent le potentiel de génération de la sismicité induite par le minage en profondeur. Les ruptures de roche fortement déformées et les glissements de failles produisent ces réponses déséquilibrées. Une fois initiées, les opérations souterraines sont soumises à des événements sismiques quotidiens, qui peuvent conduire à de violentes éjections de roches aux abords des excavations. Ce phénomène de sous-ensemble se classifie comme coup de terrain. Pendant plusieurs décennies, des recherches approfondies ont jailli des mines les plus profondes du monde pour soulager les opérations de ce fardeau néfaste. Malheureusement, les mines en Australie, Canada, Chili, Chine, Suède, Afrique du Sud et aux États-Unis continuent de signaler des pertes et de lourdes compensations économiques. Au fur et à mesure que les gisements de minerai proches de la surface s'éteignent, les mines souterraines entament leurs lourdes descentes dans la masse rocheuse avec des contraintes in-situ gonflantes. Pour gérer efficacement le risque sismique, les mines modernes exploitent des systèmes de surveillance sismique locaux, capturant la réponse sismique par rapport à l'exploitation minière. En analysant ces modèles sismiques, le mécanisme de la source sismique peut être extrait, ce qui conduit à une meilleure conception technique. Cette thèse analyse le catalogue sismique, en portant une attention particulière aux événements notables supérieurs à +0,5 Mw, enregistrés depuis le début de l'exploitation du gisement Gold Hunter à la mine Lucky Friday. Les principaux paramètres sismologiques (magnitude, temps, localisation) ont été liés aux paramètres opérationnels (aménagement de la mine, séquence, tonnage) pour deux périodes minières initiales entre 1997–2016. Le mécanisme de source primaire du Gold Hunter indique un comportement de glissement de faille. Plus tard, les concepts du Energy Release Rate (ERR) et le Excess Shear Stress (ESS) ont été utilisés pour évaluer plus en détail le mécanisme de la source sismique. Le ERR a permis de complémenter le tableau de conception sismique empirique, indiquant que la réponse sismique globale du Gold Hunter est comparable à celle observée dans les mines tabulaires profondes d’Afrique du Sud. L'ESS a permis de développer une masse rocheuse synthétique pour confirmer davantage l'environnement de glissement de faille, en utilisant le catalogue sismique pour contraindre les propriétés de friction des structures. Enfin, deux périodes de minage subséquentes ont été validées entre 2017–2021. Il a été observé que ces périodes produisaient une réponse sismique différente (inférieure) à une plus grande profondeur d'exploitation. Des analyses de détails ont indiqué que les conditions d'exploitation ultérieures ont suffisamment changé, ce qui a eu un impact sur la réponse sismique à la mine. Ces facteurs se relient au taux d'extraction et à un changement important dans la méthode d'extraction, passant d'une coupe-et-remblai à une nouvelle technique intitulée Underhand Closed Bench. Alors que la mine entre dans sa descente pour atteindre sa profondeur d'exploitation ultime à 2,9 km, ces méthodes de planification développées permettront à l'ingénierie de fournir des prévisions supplémentaires sur les risques sismiques. ABSTRACT: Narrow tabular hardrock mines often uncover the potential for generating mine-induced seismicity at depth. High-strained rock failures and fault-slips yield these unbalanced kinetic responses. Once initiated, the underground operations are subjected to daily seismic outbursts, which can lead to violent rock ejections around the excavation boundaries. This subset phenomenon classifies rockbursting. During several decades, extensive research surged from the deepest mines in the world to relieve operations of this adverse burden. Unfortunately, mines in Australia, Canada, Chile, China, Sweden, South Africa, and the United States continue to report casualties and heavy economic offsets. As near-surface ore deposits extinguish, underground mines endure their lumbering descents into the rockmass through swelling in-situ stresses. Modern mines operate local seismic monitoring systems to effectively manage seismic risk, capturing the seismic response with respect to mining. By analyzing these seismic patterns, the seismic source mechanism can be extracted, which leads to better engineering design. This dissertation analyses the seismic catalogue, focusing on notable events greater than +0.5 Mw, recorded since mining was initiated in the Gold Hunter deposit at the Lucky Friday mine. The primary seismological parameters (magnitude, time, location) were linked with operational settings (mine layout, sequence, tonnage) for two initial mining periods between 1997 and 2016. The Gold Hunter’s primary source parameter indicates fault-slip behaviour. Later, numerical concepts of the Energy Release Rate and the Excess Shear Stress were used to further assess the seismic source mechanism. The ERR results were integrated into the empirical seismic design chart, where the Gold Hunter’s overall seismic response compares to that observed in deep tabular South African mines. The ESS allowed the development of a synthetic rockmass to further confirm the fault-slip environment, utilizing the seismic catalog to constrain the frictional properties of structures. Finally, two additional subsequent mining periods were investigated between 2017 and 2021. It was observed that these periods produced a different (lesser) seismic response at greater mining depth. Further analyses indicated that the subsequent mining conditions have sufficiently changed, impacting the seismic response at the mine. These factors include the mining rate and the effects of introducing a new mining method, transitioning from underhand cut-&-fill to a novel underhand closed bench technique. As the mine enters its descent to reach the 2.9 km mining depth, these developed planning methods will allow engineers to provide additional seismic hazard forecasts.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesResearch integrity
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Methods · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.750
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.000
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0020.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026
GPT teacher head0.341
Teacher spread0.315 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.

Study designSimulation or modeling
Domainnot available
GenreMethods

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations0
Published2023
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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