The Signing of The North Atlantic Treaty: A Case For Multilateralism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article demonstrates the adoption of a multilateral mindset by great powers in the aftermath of the Second World War. It argues that after 1945 the United States, Britain, France, and Canada started to cooperate on security issues based on the basic principles of multilateralism. They came to believe that security is an indivisible issue and that cooperation in security issues should be based on reciprocal obligations in such a way of not to discriminate against any participant. Moreover, they believed this cooperation should target a long-term relationship illuminated by mutual understanding rather than quid-pro-quos driven by short-term national interests. Bu makale, b?y?k g??lerin /kinci D?nya Savas? sonras? diplomaside spesifik bir yaklas?m olan ?oktarafl?l?g? kabul etmeleri ve bu yaklas?m etraf?nda isbirligine gitmelerini konu edinmektedir. G?venlik konusunun b?l?nmezligini, yani bir g?c? etkileyen bir g?venlik sorununun diger g??leri de etkileyecegini ve ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal konular ile g?venlik ve savunma konular?n?n birbiriyle baglant?l? oldugunu benimseyen ABD, /ngiltere, Fransa ve Kanada, ?oktarafl?l?k yaklas?m?n?n ilkelerini temel alarak, g?venlik konular?nda ayr?mc?l?k g?tmeden kars?l?kl? sorumluluk esas? etraf?nda isbirligine gitmislerdir. Bu isbirliginin uzun s?reli olmas?n? hedefleyen devletler, k?sa vadeli ulusal ??karlar?n?n gerektirdigi ?d?nleri almaya ?al?smaktan ziyade, ?oktarafl?l?k yaklas?m?n?n geregi olarak kars?l?kl? anlay?s? yerlestirip koruyarak b?lgesel ve k?resel bar?sa katk?da bulunmuslard?r.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.021 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.016 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".