Study of liquid exchanges between Titan’s seas Kraken Mare and Ligeia\nMare
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Titan is the only other solar system body with surface seas besides the Earth. Since 2006, Cassini has been observing those seas and, in particular, the two largest ones, Kraken Mare and Ligeia Mare. A bathymetry map of Ligeia Mare is now available [1] while, in Kraken Mare, the seafloor was not detected except in Moray Sinus [2]. Kraken Mare and Ligeia Mare have recently been shown to be connected by a strait called Trevise Fretum and observations of the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) from February 12, 2015 detected specular reflection away from the specular point on the Ligeia outlet of this strait [3]. This connection could explain the difference in liquid properties observed in Moray Sinus with respect to other areas of Kraken Mare: the methane richer liquid coming from Ligeia could modify the composition of the liquid in the northern part of Kraken Mare. In this work, we simulate the tidally induced liquid exchanges between Ligeia and Kraken Mare by means of SLIM (Second-generation Louvain-la-Neuve Ice-ocean Model, www.climate.be/slim_flyer). This will allow us to assess whether or not the tides can bring liquid from Ligeia to Moray Sinus and locally modify the liquid properties. SLIM2D solves the depth-averaged shallow water equations on an unstructured mesh, which allows higher accuracy in the straits without drastically increasing the computational costs. It has recently been used to simulate the tidal response in Ontario Lacus [4]. The impact of the density gradient due to the variation in the composition is then studied by means of the 3D version of SLIM. SLIM3D is a baroclinic model capable of simulating the effect of density gradient on the flow exchanges and, hence, studying accurately the flow in Trevise Fretum. This will be useful for assessing whether or not the solar glints observed in Trevise Fretum could be generated by strong currents [3]. The present study provides new insights into the liquid exchanges between Ligeia and Kraken Mare which have significant implications for the long term dynamics and evolution of the surface seas. [1] Mastrogiuseppe et al. (2014) Geophysical Research Letters, 41(5), 1432-1437. [2] Mastrogiuseppe et al. (2016) EGU, 13172. [3] Sotin et al. (2015) AGU, P12B-04. [4] Vincent et al. (2016) Ocean Dynamics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".