The Association between Self-Esteem and Mental Health Problems in Adolescents with a History of Victimisation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Adolescence marks a sensitive developmental period in a young person’s life and negative life-events may have a stronger impact during this period. One risk factor commonly experienced by adolescents is bullying and has been linked to ill mental health. Low self-esteem is a likely mediator of that effect as it has been linked to both; ill mental health and bullying. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine how self-esteem is related to the mental health of adolescents who have experienced victimisation. Nineteen papers with a total of 47,524 participants met the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed with an adapted version of the Newcastle – Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for Cohort studies. There were high levels of heterogeneity in the meta-analysis, suggesting that there were differences between the studies. Heterogeneity reduced markedly when the studies were separated by gender. The study provided initial evidence for the hypothesis that low self-esteem mediates the effect of bullying on internalising symptoms. Empirical Paper For the first time, the current study aims to determine whether self-esteem is a mediating factor between victimisation and emotional symptoms. Then whether gender or having a Special Educational Need are moderators of the mediating effect. This is a quantitative longitudinal study, spanning 7 years. Data was acquired from the Millennium Cohort Study, and the current study consists of 9957 young people, who were born in the United Kingdom in the year 2000. Of the 5021 girls 667 had SEN, of 4936 boys 1124 had SEN. Self-esteem was found to have a small but significant mediating effect between victimisation at age 7 and emotional symptoms at age 14, however, gender and special educational needs were not found to have a moderating effect, even though children with SEN reported higher rates of victimisation. As the mediating effect was small other factors may play a larger role in the mediation effect between victimisation and self-esteem.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.033 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.010 | 0.026 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".