Cycling and Running Yield a Similar Myokine and Osteokine Response in Young Adult Females
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined potential exercise-induced changes in the myokine (irisin), osteokines (sclerostin, osteoprotegerin [OPG]), bone turnover markers (osteocalcin [OC]), and the bonemodulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) in young women following two modes of high-intensity interval exercise of high and low impact. Healthy, recreationally active, females (n=18; 22.5±2.7 years) performed two exercise trials in random order; high-intensity interval running on a treadmill and high-intensity interval cycling on a cycle ergometer. Trials consisted of eight 1- minute running or cycling intervals at ≥ 90% of maximal heart rate, separated by 1-minute passive recovery intervals. Blood samples were collected at rest (pre-exercise), and 5 min, 1h, and 24h following each exercise trial. Irisin, osteocalcin, sclerostin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator nuclear factor kappa-β ligand (RANKL), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were analyzed in serum with post-exercise concentrations being corrected for exercise-induced changes in plasma volume. Irisin was higher than its resting values 24h post-exercise irrespective of impact (time effect, p<0.05), and it was consistently higher during the cycling trial compared to running at all time points (exercise mode effect, p<0.05) with no interaction. A significant time effect was found for sclerostin, PTH, and OC, all of which increased from pre to 5 minutes post-exercise and returned to baseline levels by 1 hour post-exercise, with no difference between exercise modes and no exercise mode-by-time interaction. OPG also showed a significant main effect for time, reflecting an overall increase at 5 minutes and 1 hour following high-intensity interval exercise irrespective of exercise mode, which was not significant after the Bonferroni adjustment. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that in young women, a single bout of high-intensity exercise induces an immediate increase in upstream and downstream regulators of bone remodeling, and a later response in irisin concentrations. These findings support the concept of bone-muscle crosstalk during exercise independent of the impact of gravity loading.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".