Effects of antipsychotic medications on older adults with dementia in Canadian complex and long-term care facilities / by Sarah Worobetz.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease that involves progressive cognitive and functional \ndecline. Symptoms vary and commonly include behaviour and psychological disturbances that can \nresult in patients being prescribed antipsychotic medications. The use of these medications in \nmanaging the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia is controversial and have been \nthe subject of numerous safety warnings. Research has consistently shown that high numbers of \npatients with dementia are still being prescribed antipsychotic medications despite these warnings \nand that there is a significantly higher rate of death for these individuals, compared to those who \nwere not taking this type of medication. \nThrough descriptive statistics and generalized linear mixed modelling this study aimed to \nshow the nature of antipsychotic medication use in Canadian complex and long-term care facilities, \nas well the effects these medication have on various areas of functioning, health, and death rates in \nthose with dementia. Approximately 40% of those diagnosed with dementia in Canadian care \nfacilities are prescribed antipsychotic medications. Contrary to earlier studies, there was actually a \nslightly lower death rate for those individuals? prescribed antipsychotic medications daily but a \nsignificantly higher death rate for those who were taking this form of medication inconsistently (1 to \n6 days a week). These results suggest that there may be fundamental differences between the \nindividuals receiving antipsychotic medications as a PRN and those who received them everyday, or \nthat medical professionals and caregivers should ensure that patients with dementia consistently take \nantipsychotic medication, if required, rather than prescribing it on an as needed basis. Future \nresearch into the differences in death rate based on the frequency of antipsychotic medication use \nwould be highly beneficial to confirm these findings, which contradict past research, to provide \nfurther insight into the safety of these medications for older adults with and without dementia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".